ObjectivesThe present study aims to test the factor structure of two sleep questionnaires and their internal consistency in a sample of adolescents and their respective parents and to evaluate the validity and robustness of a three-dimensional model about sleep, addressing nine subcategories related to sleep habits, personal and environmental factors.MethodsParticipants were 654 adolescents from Portuguese schools, who completed “My Sleep and I” questionnaire, and 664 parents who completed “My child׳s sleep” questionnaire; to them confirmatory factor analysis was applied.ResultsConfirmatory factor analysis indicate that a nine-factor model has better fit indices compared with the others tested models for both samples (adolescents: χ2/df (Chi-square/degrees of freedom)=2.59, Comparative Fit Index (CFI)=.82, Goodness-of-Fit Index (GFI)=.92, Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA)=.049, Expected Cross-Validation Index (ECVI)=1.416; Parents: χ2/df=2.89, CFI=.85, GFI=.91, RMSEA=.053, ECVI=1.528). Moreover, the comparison of the models through Δχ2 index (chi-square difference between rival models) indicates a better fit for this model, Δχ2 (24)=186.5, p<.001 for adolescents and Δχ2 (24)=209, p<.001 for parents. Also, the three second-order factors have good internal consistency, convergent and discriminant validity for all factors in both samples.ConclusionsResults postulate that the three factors and their nine subcategories account for correlations between sleep habits, self-perceptions and knowledge about sleep.
O sono é uma necessidade básica que influencia e é simultaneamente influenciada pela diversidade de atividades, papéis e contextos de vida, assumindo particular importância nos adolescentes. Apresenta-se um estudo com 400 alunos do 9º e 11º ano de escolaridade, de duas escolas da região de Lisboa, avaliados através do Questionário Sobre Sono para Adolescentes -QSSA. Os resultados quantitativos da caracterização do sono incidiram sobre hábitos, auto perceções e conhecimentos. Da exploração qualitativa dos fatores invocados por uma subamostra de 100 adolescentes como fundamento das suas auto perceções, emergiram as categorias de qualidade, importância e atitudes. Com base nestes resultados, propõe-se um modelo tridimensional acerca do sono dos adolescentes que contempla hábitos de sono, fatores pessoais e fatores ambientais.
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