This study aims to study and map landslide agencies in the city of Manado in the aftermath of the 2014 Flash floods disaster. Landslide hazard mapping is based on physical factors and trigger factors for landslides. The method used is quantitative descriptors, which begins with an analysis of maps and aerial photographs, data collection is done through observation, field measurements, and laboratory analysis. Data were analyzed by means of field parameters and based on the results of the analysis showed that landslides in the city occurred due to physical factors such as slope, soil texture, soil permeability, soil solum thickness, weathering of rocks, percentage of steep walls, land use, vegetation density, outside drainage and Deep drainage in addition to the trigger factors, namely high rainfall and land use contribute to landslides. Based on the results of the analysis and mapping of landslides, in the city of Manado, there were three landslide hazard levels, namely low, moderate and high landslide hazard levels.

Masalah penelitian ini adalah kontribusi limbah domestik terhadap kualitas air sungai Tondano-Sawangan Sulawesi Utara.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji tentang kontribusi limbah domestik penduduk di bantaran sungai Sawangan terhadap kualitas air sungai Tondano-Sawangan Sulawesi Utara. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitaf. Teknik pengumpulan data dikumpulkan dari hasil pengambilan sampel di dua lokasi dan perhitungan labolatorium dan dokumentasi yang ada dilapangan. Parameter yang diukur di laboratorium adalah derajat keasaman atau pH, Biochemilcal Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Suspended Solid (TSS), Amoniak, dan Total Coliform.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kualitas air Sungai Tondano-Sawangan mengalami penurunan kualitas dari hulu ke hilir yang disebabkan oleh limbah domestik penduduk. Parameter yang dominan memberikan kontribusi nilai indeks pencemar yang tinggi adalah parameter biologi yaitu total coliform. Pencemaran air yang disebabkan oleh kontaminasi limbah toilet merupakan masalah yang cukup serius, dikarenakan adanya potensi penularan penyakit oleh pathogen. Kandungan Total coliform yang terdapat pada air sungai bagian hulu sebesar 24200 MPN/100ml sedangkan bagian hilir sebesar 19900 MPN/100ml, sudah melebihi nilai ambang batas standar baku mutu sesuai Standar Nasional Indonesia. Batas maksimum Cemaran Total Coliform yaitu 3000 MPN/100ml, dengan demikian dapat dikatakan bahwa mutu air sungai Sawangan sudah tidak aman lagi untuk di konsumsi bagi masyarakat, namun untuk kegiatan rekreasi, tambak ikan, dan lain sebagainya masih aman. Parameter lain seperti BOD, COD, pH, TSS, Amonia, masih aman karena berada dibawah standar Baku Mutu.Kata Kunci: Limbah Domestik , Kualitas Air, Pencemaran Air, Baku Mutu

This research was conducted in Manado with the aim of identifying factors that could potentially cause landslide susceptibility, mapping the distribution of potential landslides, and evaluating the distribution of landslide-based settlements. The materials used in this study are daily rainfall maps, slope maps, geological / rock maps, fault maps, soil solum depth maps, land use maps, infrastructure maps and population density maps on a scale of 1: 75 000. The map used as research material sourced from documentation studies and interpretation of maps of the earth and satellite imagery. Likewise, other data needed to support this research was obtained through documentation studies and field measurements. Each variable is used to determine landslide scaling and weighting vulnerability. The sum of the multiplication scores and weights of each variable is categorized into five classes of landslide susceptibility levels, which are very light, mild, moderate heavy and very heavy. Settlement distribution analysis is carried out by overlapping between landslide maps and settlement maps using geographic information system (GIS) technology with ArcView GIS 3.3 software. The results of the study indicated that there were three factors that triggered landslide susceptibility in Manado that had a significant effect, namely geological / rock constituent factors, fault factors, and depth of soil solum. Other factors both physical and management factors have a weak influence on landslides because they are on slopes <25%. Most (91.57%) of the study area had very low to low landslide susceptibility. Therefore, the distribution of settlements in the study area is generally in areas that are safe from landslides. Only about 46.12 ha or around 1.17% of settlements in Manado are located in high landslide susceptibility areas. Settlements located in areas with high landslide susceptibility are spread across seven sub-districts, which are located in Bunaken, Tuminting, Mapanget, Sinkil, Pal Dua, Wanea and Malalayang Districts.

The tourism object of LaunDano Waterfall is located in the village of KiawaSatu, Kawangkoan District, Minahasa Regency. The tourism object has its own charms and challenges, where to get to the location of the waterfall through a difficult journey, following the slippery hillside adjacent to a steep valley, the slope of about 45 degrees. The problem is, the geographical elements as its natural potential namely topography are not arranged, flora and fauna are not preserved, accessibility is difficult due to inadequate infrastructure because of the limited potential of the population and capital, there has been no attention from relevant agencies. Problem Formulation: How to develop strategies for geographical elements. The purpose, to study the strategy of developing geographical elements. Research methods, descriptive qualitative. The results of the study are, the strategy of developing geographical elements is, the cooperation of allocating funds with relevant governments, investors, supported by the realization of community work to conserve land, arrange the appearance of cliffs and valleys to make it look naturally beautiful, preserve flora and fauna, building electrical installations, PDAMs, MCK, infrastructure facilities and such as road repairs with unique models following the relief of land, procurement of transportation to facilitate accessibility to locations of attractions, guard posts, travel and publication travel agency businesses, procurement of lodging houses, representative culinary and repairs neighborhoods to make the environment look beautiful and attractive for tourists, making tourist attractions worth selling.

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