RESUMO -O experimento foi conduzido com o objetivo de avaliar a dinâmica de decomposição e mineralização de nitrogênio de resíduos de algumas gramíneas e leguminosas forrageiras. Utilizaram-se quatorze resíduos, que variaram quanto à procedência e ao local de coleta, e a seleção foi realizada baseando-se nas características qualitativas desses resíduos e utilizando a distância euclidiana média, como medida de dissimilaridade. Desse modo, foram selecionados os resíduos de B. humidicola, B. brizantha, A. pintoi, D. ovalifolium, L. leucocephala, S. guianensis e C. pubescens. A decomposição dos resíduos selecionados foi medida por meio da liberação de C-CO 2 . Para a análise dos dados de decomposição, adotou-se o esquema de parcelas subdivididas, em que os resíduos constituíram as parcelas e as avaliações no tempo, as subparcelas. Às quantidades de CO 2 evoluídas em função do tempo (horas) ajustou-se uma função logística. Para o ensaio de mineralização, foram realizadas amostragens semanais de nitrogênio amoniacal e nítrico, por um período de sete semanas. Observou-se que o teor de polifenóis e a capacidade destes em complexarem proteínas foram os atributos qualitativos que mais afetaram os processos de decomposição e mineralização líquida de nitrogênio. Os resíduos vegetais que apresentaram carbono orgânico mais facilmente degradável apresentaram maior taxa de decomposição (evolução do CO 2 ) e mineralização líquida de N. Os resíduos de C. pubescens e A. pintoi apresentaram as maiores taxas de decomposição e mineralização líquida de N. O resíduo de B. brizantha também apresentou alta taxa de decomposição. A nitrificação no solo foi mais intensa sob as condições de mineralização do resíduo de A. pintoi. Palavras-chave: mineralização, resíduos, decomposição, CO 2 , matéria orgânica Decomposition Dynamics and Nitrogen Mineralization in Function of Forage Grasses and Legumes Quality ResiduesABSTRACT -The decomposition dynamics and mineralization of nitrogen of fourteen residues of grasses and legumes forages varying in origin and collecting places were evaluated. Seven species were selected (B. humidicola, B. brizantha, A.pintoi, D.ovalifolium, L.leucocephala, S. guianensis and C. pubescens), based on qualitative characteristics and using the distance medium Euclidian as dissimilarities measure and then placed in erlenmeyers vases in the laboratory in an entirely randomized fashion. Decomposition data were analyzed using a split-splot design with residues in the main plot and the evaluation on time as the subplot. The decomposition of the selected residues was measured by means of the liberation of C-CO 2 , evaluated as a function of time (hours) and adjusted in a logistic function. Weekly sampling of ammonium and nitric nitrogen was realized for a period of seven weeks. If was observed that the amount of polyphenols and their protein complexing ability were the qualitative attribute that affect most the net decomposition and mineralization of N. The residues of C. pubescens and A. pintoi had the highest rates of dec...
The low number of ornamental pepper cultivars available in the market, combined with a high demand for this ornamental product, has boosted breeding programs for this crop. The objective was to morphologically characterize, estimating the genetic parameters of the main variables of ornamental importance in an F2 population of pepper (C. annuum). The experiments were conducted in a greenhouse at the experimental area of the State University of Montes Claros, Janaúba campus, MG, Brazil. The accessions Uni01 and Uni07 were used as parents to obtain F1 generations and, subsequently, a F2 population; 333 genotypes from the F2 generation were evaluated using 19 qualitative and five quantitative descriptors correlated to important characteristics for varietal description and ornamental use. Five fruits per plant were used to evaluate fruit characters: mean fruit weight, mean fruit length, mean fruit diameter, mean peduncle length, and mean pericarp thickness. The genetic parameters of quantitative descriptors were estimated using mean square expected values obtained through Anova. The genetic variability found can be explored for most evaluated characteristics. The quantitative descriptors related to fruit characteristics, based on heritability estimates, can be considered for selection.
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