ResumoCom o objetivo de avaliar a estabilidade do processo do FEA 1 da gerência de Aciaria Elétrica da Votorantim Siderurgia unidade Barra Mansa (VSBM) e de entender a eficiência energética e a formação de FeO no interior do forno, análises foram realizadas durante três meses envolvendo os parâmetros associados a essas variáveis. Foram avaliados consumos de energia elétrica e a energia química, considerando a composição química do mix de sucatas e o uso dos queimadores de gás natural. Notou-se que as condições da escória na etapa de refino não são ideais para a espumação, implicando em maiores perdas térmicas para as paredes do FEA. Para a formação de FeO, foi avaliada a quantidade de coque injetado adicionada e também a relação entre oxigênio e gusa equivalente da carga. Para a melhoria da eficiência energética são propostas melhoria de injeção e adição de insumos de forma que o consumo de energia elétrica possa ser reduzido e o rendimento metálico o maior possível, de forma a garantir um processo que possa manter o produto competitivo no mercado. Palavras-chave: Energia elétrica; Rendimento metálico; Escória; FEA; Estabilidade operacional. EVALUATION OF THE ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND FEO FORMATION IN THE VSBM EAF AbstractIn order to assess the process stability of the EAF 1, in Steelmaking Management at Votorantim's Steel Mill and to understand the energy efficiency and FeO formation, the parameters related with these variables were collected and analyzed during three months. Energy consumption, including Electrical and chemical energy based on the chemical composition of the scrap and chemical energy from the natural gas burners were measured. The slag composition indicated that the conditions for foaming were not being achieved and thus, a significant thermal loss to the furnace walls could be expected. For the FeO formation, the amount of injected coke added and also the relationship between oxygen and equivalent load pig iron was evaluated. At the end of the work, some recommendations related to the improvement of the carbon injection and its form are proposed, to achieve a lower electric power input and a high metal yield, to ensure a process that can maintain a competitive position on the market.
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