Scleroderma verrucosum is a species of mushroom belonging to the family Sclerodermataceae found in the Americas and Europe. This study aimed to evaluate the 70% ethanol extract of the vegetative part of the mushroom S. verrucosum for qualitative phytochemical constituents and total content of flavonoids and phenolics, and the DPPH free radical reduction activity. Mushroom extract was prepared in 70% ethanol solution. Qualitative phytochemical assay was performed for different groups using colorimetric reagents. The contents of total flavonoids and phenolics, and antioxidant activity in reducing the DPPH free radical were quantitatively determined. The positive presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, triterpenoids, steroids, tannins, organic acids, reducing sugars, aromatic compounds and carboxylic acids were observed. The extract exhibited total flavonoid content = 60.14 QE 100 g-1, for total phenolics = 309.14 GAE 100 g-1 and free radical reduction of = 5.97 µg mL-1. Mushroom extract Scleroderma verrucosum demonstrated the presence of several medicinal important phytochemical groups as well as total flavonoid and phenolic content that exhibit the potential for antioxidant activity.

Monkeypox, a zoonotic disease caused by an Orthopoxvirus, results in a Smallpox-like disease in humans. Since monkeypox in humans was initially diagnosed in 1970 in the Zaire, it has spread to other regions of Africa - West and Central, and cases outside Africa have emerged in recent years. An emerging outbreak of Monkeypox infection is quickly spreading worldwide, being currently reported in more than 70 countries, with more than 14 thousand confirmed cases. In the present preliminary report, we collected and synthesized early data concerning epidemiological trends and clinical features of the ongoing outbreak and we compared them with those of previous outbreaks. In Brazil, the number of cases has been increasing alarmingly, although compared to other European countries, for example, the number of infected in the national territory is still, until the moment of this report, low and controllable (1025 confirmed cases).

Sementes de Bixa orellana possuem alto teor de bixina em uma fina camada externa. Sabe-se que alguns carotenoides apresentam ação alelopática em sementes de vegetais. Este estudo teve por objetivo realizar através da prospecção fitoquímica qualitativa, determinar o teor de bixina quantitativamente e avaliar a partir dos extratos aquoso e etanólico 95% das sementes trituradas de B. orellana sobre o efeito alelopático sobre duas sementes de grandes culturas. Sementes de B. orellana foram trituradas e os extratos produzidos. A prospecção fitoquímica foi realizada qualitativamente onde resultados positivos foram determinados pela alteração de coloração e formação de corpo de fundo em diferentes reagentes. O teor de bixina foi determinado por espectroscopia no ultravioleta e expressa em percentagem. A atividade alelopática foi determinada em diferentes concentrações de extrato aquoso e etanólico 95% sobre sementes de Glycine max e Zea mays. Foram obtidos resultados positivos para diversos grupos fitoquímicos como flavonoides, taninos, açúcares, carotenoides, compostos alifáticos e cumarinas, o teor de bixina foi de 1,32% e 3,68% em ambos os extratos produzidos a partir das sementes de urucum (aquoso e etanólico 95%), respectivamente. O extrato aquoso demonstrou ser nçao significativo sobre a taxa de germinação em G. max e Z. mays, embora tenha demonstrado influenciar no tamanho radicular em ambas as espécies. Já o extrato etanólico 95%, demonstrou ser altamente eficaz sobre a atividade alelopática tanto para o índice de germinação quanto para desenvolvimento radicular nas espécies alvo. Os extratos aquosos e etanólico 95% de Bixa orellana apresentaram riqueza de fitocompostos extraíveis, no teor de bixina e com eficácia sobre a atividade alelopática.

The fruits of Hymenaea stigonocarpa have a sweet, starchy fibrous structure used as food among wild animals and man in the field. In the present study, the physical, physicochemical, optical, microstructural, and antibacterial properties of aryl (H. stigonocarpa) film were investigated. The amylaceous solution was obtained from the aryl of H. stigonocarpa, the biodegradable film was prepared according to the casting technique. The physicochemical characteristics for thickness (mm), humidity (%), water solubility (%), biodegradability time, and transmittance (T%) were evaluated. Morphology by optical micrographic, and scanning electron, mathematical modeling in 3D, and for the mechanical parameters of tensile strength, maximum tension, elongation, and elasticity module, and biological properties on antibacterial activity (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis). The results obtained for the biodegradable film were a brown-yellow color, aroma, and homogeneity, thickness 0.27 mm, humidity 12.45%, solubility in water 57.48%, the biodegradability of 100%, maximum and minimum transmittance 82.25, and 1.32 (T%), in the optical micrograph small imperfections were observed, and in the scanning electron micrograph small cracks. The mathematical modeling in 3D presented a surprising result, which is an important device in the aid of imaging. The mechanical characteristics for maximum tension 3.17 N, rupture stress 1.34 MPa, elongation 2.99% and elasticity with 90.07 MPa presented satisfactory results comparable to other biodegradable films of native starch. The bioactive film of the aryl (H. stigonocarpa) showed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus 7 mm, Escherichia coli 5 mm, and Enterococcus faecalis 8 mm. Biodegradable packaging from Hymenaea stigonocarpa aryl has great potential for use as a food packaging.

Cochlospermum regium is a shrub plant species from the Cerrado domain used in traditional medicine. This study aimed to evaluate the chemical profile and antioxidant, antibacterial and cytotoxic activities on Artemia salina from the essential oil of fresh leaves and xylopodium. Fresch leaves and xylopodium of C. regium were collected in an area of ​​Cerrado domain in Goiás State, Brazil, 2021. The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation, the yield was quantified and the chemical profile determined by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Physicochemical analyzes were carried out for organoleptic analysis (color and appearance), solubility, relative density (g mL-1), refractive index, optical rotation (αD), antioxidant activity in DPPH radical reduction (IC50 µL mL-1), antibacterial activity on Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Salmonella serovar Enteritidis and Salmonella serovar Thyphymurium by the disc method (mm), and cytotoxicity bioassay on Artemia salina (LC50 µg mL-1). The major compounds for the essential oil of fresh leaves were viridiflorol 10.21%, Copaen-4-α-ol <β>, longiborneol 9.07 and β-bisabolene 11.48%, and for the essential oil of xylopodium β-selinene 26.17%, aromadendrene 8.66 % and thujopsene 8.09%. The yield was 0.58 and 0.33%, color slightly yellow and yellow for fresh leaves and xylopodium, respectively. Positive solubility, refractive index of 1.3468 and 1.3347, optical rotation +48.8 and +21.5, relative density 0.932 and 0.936 g mL-1, antioxidant activity IC50 = 47.65 and 111.16 µL mL-1 for fresh leaves essential oil and xylopodium, respectively. The essential oil from fresh leaves showed high antibacterial potential for all strains, as well as for cytotoxic activity on A. salina with LC50 = 90.17 and 625.08 µg mL-1, respectively.