This paper is an attempt to analyze critically the existing empirical studies of digital game-based learning courseware in Mathematics education. The major purpose of this meta-analysis is to identify effective game-based element to customize an engaging learning courseware. The meta-analysis was done focusing on Mathematical subjects to understand how digital game-based learning affects the learners' knowledge in mastering new Mathematical concepts. This article review is comprised of 17 empirical studies which were constructed on different framework of game-based elements. The findings revealed that there are twelve essential game-based elements namely fun, play, rules, goals, interaction, outcome, adaptive, winning conflict, problem solving, interaction and representation which are essential to create sense of engaging when adapting DGBL Courseware in Mathematics' education. The systemic review enables the researcher to design a game model for Mathematics learning.

The technology-based learning process is able to influence pupils on learning and teaching, especially the use of interactive games can transform the way learning of problematic learners in reading skills. Although interactive games are said to be very effective in learning but there are still many technical and implementation shortcomings on remedial education students which identified as slow learners. This paper focuses on technical and implementation issues which restrict the effective integration of Reading Literacy Interactive Games (RLIG) in learning of reading skill among slow learners. The aim of this study is to investigate the critical issues and develop the effective RLIG in order to fulfill the slow learners’ needs. Therefore, a need-analysis was conducted to investigate the issues of technical and implementation of RLIG among slow learners. The findings revealed that there are many technical and implementation issues that restricted slow learners from adapting RLIG in the process of teaching and learning. The findings of this research can assist educators to improve the development of RLIG by incorporating relevant pedagogical approaches and game-based features in the development process

DGBL is a suitable tool for teaching slow learners, as it allows them to engage actively and practice DGBL Courseware as a learning tool. This paper aims to identify slow learners' difficulties in Mathematics. The develop a DGBL Courseware incorporating Constructivism principles and Engagement Game-Based Elements by Prensky. The research method focuses on following stages: requirement analysis, design and development, including alpha testing by validation from experts, and beta testing, which is user acceptance test to support the efficiency and effectiveness of the Courseware for further improvement. Keywords: Constructivism, Digital Game-Based Learning, Slow Learners, Mathematics eISSN: 2398-4287© 2021. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v6iSI4.2904