Background: Vitamin D insufficiency is a common health issue widespread throughout the world; however, there are numerous groups that are on the highest risk of insufficiency. The insufficiency of vitamin D is the grand restrainable and preventable challenge throughout the world. COVID-19 outbreak is a significant health issue and has a universal attention with extant the pandemic of COVID-19 and the growing cases infected by it. Health care workers' women have the superior risk of exposure for COVID-19 among the population cannot be overlooked. Aim: Assessing knowledge practices, and attitudes, regarding vitamin D insufficiency amongst health care workers' women with COVID-19, in obstetrics and gynecological hospital Ain shams university. Explore the relation between serum vitamin D level of health care workers' women and severity of COVID-19 symptoms. Methods: A Descriptive-analysis study was proceeded at COVID -19 outpatient clinic at maternity and gynecological hospital, Ain Shams University, from onset of February to the ending of April 2021. A purposive sample of 68 health care workers' women with confirmed COVID-19. Data were gathered through four main tools. The first, structured interviews questionnaire which consisted of two parts, the first was to assessing demographic and clinical features of the studied health care workers' women with COVID-19. The second part was the laboratory analysis of serum levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D using the electrochemiluminesence immunoassay technique on Cobas e411 immunoassay analyzer-Hitachi Ltd-Japan. The second, a self-administered google form online questionnaire was utilized to evaluate confirmed COVID-19 health care workers' women knowledge, regarding vitamin D. The third: A self-reported practices google form online questionnaire was utilized to evaluate confirmed COVID-19 health care workers' women practices for vitamin D ingestion and habitual sun exposure, The fourth: A selfadministered google form online questionnaire was utilized to assessing confirmed COVID-19 health care workers' women attitude on behalf of vitamin D insufficiency. Results: Demonstrated that the confirmed COVID-19 health care workers women' mean age' was 40.9± 8.7years. Whereas (7%) of studied participants were had vitamin D sufficiency, (78%) had vitamin D insufficiency and (15%) had vitamin D deficiency with total mean ± SD (16.8 ± 8.9). Whilst mean ± SD of the total vitamin D knowledge scores was (49.8 ± 16.1) and (23.5%) of studied participants had sufficient knowledge and (76.5%) had insufficient knowledge. While (25%) of studied participants had adequate practice, (75%) had inadequate practice. Moreover (51.5%) of studied participants had positive attitude, and (48.5%) had negative attitude. A statistically significant relationship between majority COVID-19 symptoms in confirmed COVID-19 health care workers' women and their vitamin D level. Conclusion: The study displayed that mostly of health care workers' women with COVID-19, had insufficient knowledge regarding to vitamin D, had ...

Background: Pesticides are chemicals that are used to kill or control pests which include insects and rodents, in addition to a virus, bacteria, fungi, and other organisms. They play a key role in the protection, prevention, responding to outbreaks, and control of infectious diseases. The continuous exposure of the workers to pesticides leads to adverse health outcome due to that the workers do not apply safety measure guideline. Aim: of this study was to evaluate the effect of safety measure educational guideline on knowledge, practice and adverse health outcomes among pesticide workers. Subjects and methods: Design: A quasiexperimental design (one group pre/posttest) was used for the conduction of this study. Setting: The study was conducted at all sections of disease vector control of the General Department of Vector Control, in the Directorate of Health Affairs, at Cairo Governorate. The sample: A convenient sample from (120) pesticide workers. Tools of data collection: The study included three tools: A structured interview questionnaire, an observation checklist (pre/post-tests) and a self-reported health assessment sheet of adverse health outcomes of pesticide workers. Results: All of the pesticide workers were male with a mean age33.2 ± 4.7 and less than two third are married. The study denoted that there were poor total knowledge and inadequate total practice score pre educational guideline and highly significant (p=0.000) improvements of total score of workers knowledge and practice at the post-test. Conclusion: The educational guideline had a positive effect on pesticide workers knowledge and practice. In addition , a significant reduction was observed in posttest regarding adverse health outcomes. Recommendations: Periodic safety measure educational guideline for all workers exposed to pesticides with continuous use of personal protective equipment and following safety instructions.

Background: Aromatherapy parents' education about pain alleviation during child vaccinations supports family-centered care and has the potency to progress pain care management in children. Aim of the study: evaluate the effect of aromatherapy parent education intervention (massage with lavender oil) in alleviating injection pain among children submitting to vaccination. Subject and methods: Quasi experimental design two groups have been utilized in this study at vaccination clinics in El-Demerdash health office" affiliated to Abbasis zone and Elkhalij Elmasry primary health center in Hadayek Elkobba Zone, governmental medical centers, Ministry of Health and Population, Cairo, Egypt. It included 120 children Submitting to Vaccination selected by purposive sampling technique according to inclusion criteria, and randomly designate into two groups; register either in control (60) or study (60) group. The data was collected by using 1) Structured interviews questionnaire in Arabic to assess personal data characteristic of children and parent; 2) knowledge assessment tool (pre/post) to assess parent's knowledge regarding aromatherapy treatment and pain management after children vaccination;3) beliefs and attitudes of parent assessment tool;4) procedural pain assessment tools which included two parts, the first portion was Modified Behavioral Pain Scale (MBPS) , developed by (Taddio et al, 1995)and the second portion was Cry duration in seconds. The data was collected between a period of august 2019 and January 2020. Results: A significant improvement was in total knowledge about aroma treatment and pain management after vaccination among children's parent in posttest as compared to pretest assessment (p<0.0001). A significant improvement was in total mean scores of MBPS components in study group with lavender oil massage during five minutes after vaccine injection as compared to control group with highly statistically significant (p<0. 001). A significant improvement was in the total mean cry duration in study group as compared to control group with highly statistically significant (p<0. 001). Conclusion: Aromatherapy parents' education, leg massage by lavender oil was found efficient in alleviating vaccine injection pain. Recommendation: Applying Aromatherapy Education programs for new parents in all pediatric primary health care centers to increase parents' awareness about vaccine injection pain alleviation.

Background: Corona virus disease (COVID-19) was newly discovered, and it is a contagious disease, and it is accompanied by a mild to moderate respiratory disease t without the need for treatment. Critical principles must be followed to ensure the well-being and safety of pregnant women by increasing the awareness of pregnant women about the disease Corona Virus . Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the health awareness program on pregnant women with regard to Coronavirus disease (COVID 19) Design: A quasi -experimental design was used in the current study Setting. The present study was conducted among pregnant women in antenatal outpatient clinics in maternity and gynecological hospital affiliated to Ain Shams University Sample: A purposive sample Size: 200 pregnant women attending the previous study sitting in outpatient clinic during the time of data collection and fulfilled the study inclusion criteria. Tools: four tools were used for data collection: 1-Structured interviewing questionnaire sheet included three parts: Part 1-women personnel characteristics. Part 2-women past and present obstetrical & medical history. Part 3-Assessment knowledge of pregnant women regarding Coronavirus disease (COVID 19).2-Pregnant women's attitude towards coronavirus.3-Evaluate of Pregnant women practices regarding precautionary measures regarding protection of (COVID 19). 4-Pregnant women 'satisfaction regarding Corona virus (COVID 19) awareness programsQuestionnaire. Results: The current study detects that highly statistically significant difference (p< 0.001) of studied pregnant women' knowledge, reported practice before awareness program, and after awareness program immediately and after one month of awareness program. Addendum for that the studied women point out high pleasure and satisfaction level concerning the health awareness program. Also, this study demonstrates that there was correlation between knowledge and attitude among studied women regarding (COVID 19) and also reveals that there was highly statistically significance different (p< 0.001) amongst studied women' knowledge and attitude. As More than two third of studied women before health awareness program had negative attitude likewise had inadequate knowledge compared to after health awareness program Conclusion: Based on current research finding, the existing study reinforced the study hypothesis, our study exhibited that awareness program certainly affects studied women' practices, knowledge and attitudes concerning Covid 19. Recommendations: Heath awareness program regarding Corona virus (COVID 19) should be conducted at all antenatal outpatient clinic setting for all pregnant women, in different setting area.