No abstract

In this study, a carbon fiber/tencel composite braided fabric was used in stable and continuous all-day desalination technology with superior photothermal and electrothermal conversion capability. The desalination performance was regulated by adjusting the braiding parameters. Because the water in carbon fibers is maintained in the capillary state and thus evaporates more easily in clusters, it required less energy to evaporate water off the composite fabric. Under 1 sun illumination, the average evaporation rate and the evaporation efficiency were 1.84 kg m −2 h −1 and 88.8%, respectively. When a small amount of electricity (3 V) was applied, the evaporation rate of the braided fabric was maintained at over 1.88 kg m −2 h −1 , and a superior desalination performance during the daytime was achieved. Under continuous all-day operation, most of the organics, metal ions, and contaminants were effectively eliminated from the water, which satisfied the WHO drinkable water standards. Our results can contribute to paving the way for efficient and stable wastewater treatment, seawater desalination, and drinking water collection methods.

The shortage of fossil fuels and freshwater resources has become a serious global issue. Using solar energy to extract clean water with a photothermal conversion technology is a green and sustainable desalination method. Integrated electricity generation during the desalination process maximizes energy utilization efficiency. Herein, a solar‐driven steam and electricity generation (SSEG) system based on an all‐in‐one evaporator is prepared via a scalable technology. Carbon black is selected as the absorber for solar energy harvesting as well as the functional substance for simultaneous electricity generation. Fabric substrate with flexible structure, porous channel, and capillary effect is vital for directional brine supply, multiple solar absorption, and thermal management. The high evaporation rate (1.87 kg m−2 h−1) and voltage output (324 mV) can be achieved with an all‐in‐one device. The stable electricity output can be maintained over 40000 s. The SSEG performance remains constant after 15 operation cycles or 20 wash cycles. The integrated device balances excellent effectiveness and practicality, providing a viable path for clean desalination and electricity generation.