No abstract

Secang (Caesalpinia sappan L.) secara tradisional digunakan untuk mengobati berbagai penyakit. Secang mengandung senyawa fenolik seperti asam gallat, brazilin dan brazilein. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkarakterisasi simplisia dan ekstrak etanol secang, mengevaluasi kandungan fenolik total dan menentukan aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak etanol secang. Karakterisasi simplisia secang diperoleh susut pengeringan sebesar 10,349 %, kadar sari larut air sebesar 3,293 %, kadar sari larut etanol sebesar 6,026 %, kadar abu total sebesar 0,6509 % dan kadar abu tidak larut asam simplisia adalah sebesar 0,480 %. Karakterisasi ekstrak etanol secang diperoleh kadar abu total sebesar 1,26 %, kadar abu tidak larut asam ekstrak sebesar 0,059 %, kadar air ekstrak didapatkan hasil 8,63 %. Kadar fenolik total ekstrak etanol secang adalah 71,144 g/100g. Semakin tinggi kadar fenolik total, maka semakin tinggi pula aktivitas antioksidannya. Aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak etanol secang ditentukan dengan metode FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) dan hasilnya adalah 13,99 mmol Fe(II)/100g.

If it can be effectively delivered to its site of action, α-mangostin has potential in development of novel cosmeceuticals due to its melanogenesis-blocking activity. The aim of this study was to develop an ultra-small unilamellar carrier system for α-mangostin and to evaluate its effect as an anti-age-spot serum on humans in vivo. The ultra-small unilamellar carrier bases were optimized using a 25 factorial design, with five factors (virgin coconut oil, soy lecithin, Tween 80, and stirring duration and speed) and two levels (low and high); response of droplet size was analyzed using Design Expert 12®. The anti-spot examination was conducted via capturing digital images of the human skin after topical application of an α-mangostin-loaded ultra-small unilamellar carrier at night for two consecutive weeks. The results thereof were analyzed using Motic Live Imaging 3.0 and a standard red, green, and blue score. The optimized serum formula was confirmed with a composition of 2.3% virgin coconut oil, 1% lecithin, and 28.3% Tween 80 (polysorbate 80) at a stirring speed of 1500 revolutions per minute for 15 min. Incorporation of 3% α-mangostin to the optimized base formula produced an ultra-small unilamellar carrier globule size of 16.5 nm, with zeta potential of −25.8 mV and a polydispersion index of 0.445. Physical characterization of an α-mangostin-loaded ultra-small unilamellar carrier comprised 90.94% transmittance, a pH value of 6.5, a viscosity of 38 cP, specific gravity of 1.042 g/mL and 72.46% entrapment efficiency. A transmission electron microscope confirmed spherical nanosized droplets in the system. Topical application of an α-mangostin-loaded ultra-small unilamellar carrier at night for 2 consecutive weeks demonstrated anti-age-spot activity shown through a significant reduction in intensity and area of spots in human volunteers (p < 0.05).

Several studies have shown that pure compounds from west sumatera medicinal plants have beneficial therapeutic effects so that they are potential candidates for active pharmaceutical ingredients (API). Andalas Sitawa Fitolab has been able to produce 10 pure isolates. The development of a new drug candidate requires an in silico study to predict physicochemical properties, potential target, and toxic properties. The purpose of this study was to initially screen the structure of candidates to predict the potential the compound as an API by using big data and machine learning. The chemical structure were analyzed using software and servers. The Software used was Marvin Sketch, QSAR Toolbox, Swiss Potential Target and ChemBioDraw. Results showed that log P of compounds revealed in a range of -0.54 to 4.64, Polar Surface Area (PSA) in range of 20.23 to 315.21. Asiaticoside did not meet Lipinski's rules. Compounds with high potential hazard were catechin, curcumin, andrographolide, asiaticoside deoxyelephantopin, ethylmethoxycinnamate, alpha-mangostin and piperine. The compounds such as curcumin, alpha mangostin, plumbagin, and piperine were predicted to have spesific target proteins. This study concluded that asiaticoside compounds have a high potential hazard, if it was developed as an API.Keywords: analysis of physical-chemical properties, in silico, pure isolate, toxicology

Resilience is an essential element to be built in the nursing profession in order to overcome challenges and difficulties in the workplace. Relationship and effective support that comes from family, friends and peers are factors that influence resilience. To examine the relationship between social support and nurse resilience. This research applied a quantitative design with cross sectional approach. The samples were taken by proportional random sampling and 110 nurses were chosen as the samples.  The instruments in this study were CD-RISC 10 and MSPSS with modified.  There is a relationship between social support and nurse resilience. Suggestion: Hospital management may design an innovative and creative programs to increase nurses’ perceived social support such as family gathering programs, family hospital tour programs and mentoring as an effort to increase their resilience