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ABSTRACT:Recent trends in 3D scanning are aimed at the fusion of range data and color information from images. The combination of these two outputs allows to extract novel semantic information. The workflow presented in this paper allows to detect objects, such as light switches, that are hard to identify from range data only. In order to detect these elements, we developed a method that utilizes range data and color information from high-resolution panoramic images of indoor scenes, taken at the scanners position. A proxy geometry is derived from the point clouds; orthographic views of the scene are automatically identified from the geometry and an image per view is created via projection. We combine methods of computer vision to train a classifier to detect the objects of interest from these orthographic views. Furthermore, these views can be used for automatic texturing of the proxy geometry.(a) (b) Figure 1: The data acquisition equipment: For range data acquisition, a Faro Focus 3D Scanner was used (a); additional color information was obtained using a customized adapter connecting the base tripod of the 3D scanner with a HDRI camera (b).

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Background: The concept of building information management (BIM) is based on its holistic nature. This idea pays off, if all relevant information is fused into one consistent data set. As a consequence, the completeness of data is vital and the research question on how to complete data automatically remains open. Methods: In this article we present a data completion technique based on knowledge management. We encode expert and domain knowledge in a generative system that represents norms and standards in a machine-readable manner. The implementation of this approach be used to automatically determine a hypothesis on the location of electrical lines within indoor range scans. Results: The generative paradigm can encode domain expert knowledge in a machine-readable way. In this article we demonstrate its usage to represent norms and standards. Conclusions: The benefit of our method is the further completion of digital building information models -a necessary step to take full advantage of building information modeling.

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