Flexible pipe systems are extensively used in the oil and gas offshore production segment due to its ease of transport and installation, design versatility and performance, especially in deep and ultra-deepwater fields. The criticality of the system and the difficulty of having an accurate lifetime prediction using current inspection tools require the flexible pipe design to have a very high safety factor, which may lead to overdesign and/or uncertainty on the actual damage state of a pipe in operation. The annular environment condition of flexible pipes has a big impact on the consumption of its operational life due to seawater ingress or bore fluid gas permeation. In order to better understand and mitigate the associated failure mechanisms we developed, built, and commissioned PipeACOM, the Flexible Pipe Annular Control Manifold, with the objective of connecting the annular regions of adjacent flexible pipes, control its flow and monitor the annular environment throughout the life of the flexible pipe system. In this paper we describe the main features of the PipeACOM system, present the setup and experimental results of the validation tests performed in a prototype system installed in a production flowline at the Brazilian pre-salt fields at over 2300 meters of water depth, reaching the Technology Readiness Level of 6 based on API RP 17N criteria and earning the 2020 National Technology Innovation award by the Brazilian National Petroleum Agency (ANP).
Flexible pipes and their accessories are a pillar in the ultra-deep water oil and gas exploration, making them the focal points of analyses for integrity management, risk reduction and performance of the entire system. Responsible for the connection between two flexible pipes or between pipes and equipment, the end fittings are considered, in certain applications, a critical point of the system, requiring special attention to its design in order to ensure the highest reliability and minimize its impacts on flexible pipe design. Every end fitting must, in its interface with the flexible pipe, provide internal and external sealing capacity as well as tensile strength when under various operational conditions. Additionally, the end fitting design should aim to reduce as much as possible the impact on the performance of the flexible pipe. The qualification tests are divided into 3 levels – small, mid, and full-scale – representing, respectively, the characterization of interfaces and materials, individual systems and the product as a whole. In addition to this division, the tests are also divided based on their load cases as static, such as burst, axial tension, external and internal pressure, and dynamic, such as cyclic tensile tests combined with internal pressure. All test results are related with predictions of design methodologies and application scenarios, thus validating the respective methodologies and categorizing the end fitting for an operational envelope. This article details a qualification program of a new model of end fitting for offshore flexible pipes evidencing the strategy adopted and applicability in shallow to ultra-deep water fields, under static or dynamic loads.
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