Introdução: Em janeiro de 2020, um novo agente viral da família Coronaviridae foi identificado como causador da doença classificada como Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), responsável pela vigente pandemia. O aumento das taxas de infecção, associado à incerteza sobre o novo vírus, devem ser vistos como risco para os sistemas de saúde. Objetivos: Analisar o impacto da pandemia causada pelo SARS-Cov 2 no sistema de saúde brasileiro; e verificar as possíveis formas de prevenir o colapso do sistema por falta de equipamento de proteção individual para equipe profissional. Materiais e Método: Neste estudo foi realizada uma revisão de literatura descritiva, com abordagem qualitativa. Realizou-se uma pesquisa de busca bibliográfica em diversas bases de dados. Resultados: Apesar do curso ainda incerto acerca da doença, a COVID-19 pode causar dano suficiente para sobrecarregar a infraestrutura de serviços de saúde, criando demandas extraordinárias e sustentadas nos sistemas de saúde e nos prestadores de serviços. Intervenções diagnósticas, terapêuticas e preventivas são escassas, e produtos farmacêuticos estão passando por ensaios clínicos. Conclusão: Através do cenário atual percebe-se a necessidade de manter a vigilância internacional assim como investir em infraestrutura e melhorar a capacidade de atendimento à saúde pública.
Introduction Intra and postoperative bleeding are the most frequent and feared complications in adenotonsillectomy (AT). Tranexamic acid (TXA), which is known for its antifibrinolytic effects, has a proven benefit in reducing bleeding in hemorrhagic trauma and cardiac surgery; however, the effectiveness and timing of its application in AT have not yet been established. Objectives We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of TXA in controlling bleeding during and after AT and assess its possible adverse effects in children. Methods The present randomized, controlled, double-blind clinical trial included 63 children aged 2 to 12 years. They were randomly assigned to receive either intravenous TXA (10 mg/kg) or placebo 10 minutes before surgery. The volume of intraoperative bleeding, presence of postoperative bleeding, and adverse effects during and 8 hours after the surgery were assessed. Results No difference in bleeding volume was noted between the 2 groups (mean, 122.7 ml in the TXA group versus 115.5 ml in the placebo group, p = 0.36). No intraoperative or postoperative adverse effects were noted because of TXA use. Furthermore, no primary or secondary postoperative bleeding was observed in any of the participants. Conclusion In our pediatric sample, TXA (10 mg/kg) administration before AT was safely used, without any adverse effects. It did not reduce the bleeding volume in children during this type of surgery. Future studies should assess the use of higher doses of TXA and its administration at other time points before or during surgery.
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