Indonesia developed the Smallholder Plantation Scheme (PIR) in the early 1980s, making smallholders an important part of the national scale. Increasing smallholder yields is an important instrument for increasing local income and livelihoods. However, small-scale oil palm expansion has problems with low productivity and quality of production. Therefore, to increase their productivity and improve their cultivation, this study measures the importance of planting behavior and specific treatment of farmers’ prosperity and productivity. To measure the possible significant differences between and within groups, a statistical approach, ANOVA, has been used while Spearman’s correlation matrix also has been used to measure the correlation between variables. This study finds that good seed treatment and adequate doses of fertilizer are important for farmers’ prosperity and productivity. Smallholder farmers have the least expenditure but the highest average production and income with the most extended growing age when compared with the other two groups of smallholder farmers. Even though the number of seeds used was the smallest, the success rate of smallholder planting was the highest. The optimal use of fertilizer and seed care alone is not significant enough to increase yields. It is a combination of other factors such as planting management practices, drainage capacity and soil substrate properties, climate characteristics, rainfall distribution, nutrient supply, and prevention of plant diseases and also determining maximum yield.

Abstract. Pricillia CC, Patria MP, Herdiansyah H. 2021. Environmental conditions to support blue carbon storage in mangrove forest: A case study in the mangrove forest, Nusa Lembongan, Bali, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 3304-3314. Mangrove ecosystems can provide ecosystem services to mitigate climate change by absorbing and storing carbon in their systems. The question arises of how to manage a mangrove forest to store more carbon. The Nusa Lembongan mangrove forest was examined to assess the optimal environmental settings for blue carbon storage in the mangrove ecosystem. Five stations were selected purposively. The parameters observed in each station were aboveground living biomass, mangrove stand density, clay percentage in soil, bulk density, water content, soil organic carbon (%C), and soil organic nitrogen (%N). Based on this study, the total carbon stock in mangrove forest Nusa Lembongan was 68.10 ± 20.92 Mg C ha-1 and equals to 249.95 ± 76.77 MgCO2 ha-1 with a significant contribution of soil carbon stock. This study indicates that the essential parameters that can promote carbon sequestration in mangrove forest Nusa Lembongan were aboveground living biomass, soil organic carbon content and soil organic nitrogen content. In addition, as soil organic carbon content also negatively correlates with bulk density, it also can be considered. These findings can contribute to blue carbon planning and management to improve the effectiveness of the blue carbon project.

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Pertambahan jumlah penduduk di DKI Jakarta berdampak pada proses pertumbuhan kota. Hal ini identik dengan kegiatan pembangunan kota secara masif yang dilakukan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan masyarakatnya. Akan tetapi terdapat permasalahan dalam pemenuhan syarat tentang keberadaan Ruang Terbuka Hijau (RTH) karena telah mengalami penurunan kualitas maupun kuantitas, yang seharusnya dalam Undang-undang Nomor 26 Tahun 2007 memiliki luas sebesar 30% dari luas wilayah administrasi. Persyaratan ini belum dapat dipenuhi oleh Pemerintah DKI Jakarta karena keberadaan RTH di DKI Jakarta kurang dari 10%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan kebutuhan RTH DKI Jakarta secara kualitatif melalui pendekatan luas wilayah administrasi dan jumlah penduduk. Penelitian ini juga menggunakan metode <em>Analytical Hierarchy Process</em> (AHP) untuk merumuskan prioritas solusi kebijakan yang lebih tepat untuk dapat dilakukan oleh pengambil kebijakan terkait. Kebutuhan RTH DKI Jakarta melalui pendekatan peraturan perundangan adalah sebesar 198,70 km², sedangan jika dilakukan melalui pendekatan jumlah penduduk kebutuhan RTH sebesar 96,78 km². Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan AHP, prioritas kebijakan yang dapat diimplementasikan adalah dengan mewujudkan kolaborasi antar pemangku kepentingan (57,15%), meningkatkan partisipasi masyarakat (33,72%), dan melakukan penguatan regulasi (9,13%). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa upaya memenuhi persyaratan RTH 30% perlu dilakukan perencanaan dan kerja sama dari berbagai pihak, yaitu kolaborasi antar pemangku kepentingan, peningkatan partisipasi masyarakat dan penguatan regulasi yang dilakukan secara konsisten dan berkesinambungan. RTH sebagai ruang publik juga merupakan tempat berinteraksi yang mampu meningkatkan harmoni sosial sehingga keberadaannya mutlak ada dalam perencanaan tata ruang.