Ransomware is a malware family that using security techniques such as cryptography to hijacking user files and associated resources and requests cryptocurrency in exchange for the locked data. There is no limit to who can be targeted by ransomware since it can be transmitted over the internet. Like traditional malware, ransomware may enter the system utilizing "social engineering, malware advertising, spam emails, take advantage of vulnerabilities, drive-by downloads or through open ports or by utilizing back doors". But in contrast to traditional malware, even after removal, ransomware influence is irreparable and tough to alleviate its impact without its creator assistance. This kind of attack has a straightforward financial implication, which is fueled by encryption technology, cyber currency. Therefore, ransomware has turned into a profitable business that has obtained rising popularity between attackers. As stated by "Cybersecurity Ventures", ransomware is the quickest increasing type of cybercrime. Since, global ransomware wastage expense is predicted to hit $20 billion in 2021, up from just $325 million in 2015 which, is 57X extra in 2021. In this paper, a brief of the recent research in the prevention of ransomware attacks and the best practices to mitigate the attack impact is presented. General TermsRansomware prevention technique, ransomware mitigation technique, signature-based, behavior-based.

Background Information showing risk factor trends in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft in Saudi Arabia is scarce. Thus, we aimed to compare cardiovascular risk factors among coronary artery bypass graft patients between two periods: 2012 and 2018. Methods This was a cross-sectional study based on hospital records at a tertiary center in Saudi Arabia. The medical records of 72 patients in 2012 and 111 patients in 2018 were reviewed. The study included all patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting for the first time. The chi-square test and independent t-test were used for statistical analysis; P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results The mean (SD) of the patient age was 61.21 (9.74) years in the first period and 58.01 (11.14) years in the second period. The number of patients who smoked was significantly higher in the second period of the study (14.3% in the first period; 27.0% in the second period; P < 0.001). The study also showed an increase in hypertension and diabetes mellitus in the second period compared to the first (70% vs 71.2% and 68.6% vs 72.1%, respectively), and a reduction in the percentage of patients with hypercholesterolemia (18.3% vs 17.1%). However, these findings were non-significant. Conclusions The percentage of smokers was significantly higher in the second period of this research as a consequence of cultural variation and because of the popularity of water-pipe smoking in the society. We recommend the need for increased awareness regarding smoking and the implementation of smoking-cessation programs.

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract