RESUMO| Introdução: Náusea e êmese constituem importantes reações adversas da quimioterapia antineoplásica. O tratamento antiemético adequado e o acompanhamento individualizado são fundamentais para o sucesso do tratamento. Objetivo: Avaliar o tratamento antiemético de pacientes em uso de quimioterápicos com alto potencial emetogênico assistidos pelo Sistema Único de Saúde no município de Vitória da Conquista/BA. Métodos: Estudo de caráter prospectivo com coleta de dados de prontuário e aplicação de questionário semiestruturado adaptado do Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer em indivíduos maiores de 18 anos em uso de quimioterápicos de alto potencial emetogênico e em realização de terapia antiemética. Resultados: No grupo estudado, 57%(33) dos pacientes apresentaram náuseas, sendo (13) 39,6% de forma aguda; e, (15) 46,5%, náusea crônica. A êmese acometeu 34,4% (20) dos pacientes, sendo 20,7% de forma aguda; e, 24,1%, crônica. O protocolo antiemético utilizado em 81% dos pacientes foi ondansetrona 8 mg e dexametasona 10 mg. Segundo diretrizes internacionais, o protocolo antiemético poderia ser melhor otimizado. Conclusão: A terapia antiemética aplicada não foi eficaz no manejo de reações adversas a quimioterapia antineoplásica no grupo estudado. A subutilização dos antieméticos pode ter contribuído para a falta de controle efetivo das náuseas e vômitos. Este trabalho alerta para a necessidade de maior atenção no tratamento das reações adversas da quimioterapia, especialmente das náuseas e êmese. A diminuição desses eventos contribui para melhora da qualidade de vida dos pacientes e também para a menor permanência hospitalar.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess older people's knowledge of the purpose of drugs prescribed at medical appointments in primary care units and the possible factors related to their level of knowledge about their medications. METHODS:This was a cross-sectional study conducted in 22 basic health units in Brazil. Patients aged ≥60 years were included in this study (n=674). Knowledge of prescribed medications was assessed by comparing the responses to the questionnaire and the medication and prescription information. Multivariate analyses were conducted using the Poisson regression with robust variance. RESULTS:The mean age of the sample was 70.1 (standard deviation: ±7.1) years. Among 674 patients, 272 (40.4%) did not know the indication of at least 1 of their prescribed drugs; among them, 78 (11.6%) did not know the indication of any of their prescribed drugs. In the final multivariate analysis, polypharmacy, illiteracy, and cognitive impairment were found to be associated with misunderstanding the purpose of at least one prescribed drug. Moreover, illiteracy and cognitive impairment were associated with a greater misunderstanding of the purpose of all prescribed drugs. CONCLUSIONS:In the studied sample, patients demonstrated a high rate of misunderstanding of the purpose of prescribed drugs. Therefore, it is necessary for health services and professionals to implement strategies that increase the quality of the guidance and instructions given to older people in order to promote adherence to treatment.
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