A low finishing weight and poor carcass characteristics are major causes of lower incomes in extensive sheep flocks; however, the use of terminal sire crossbreeding would improve lamb performance and carcass traits under these conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate sire breed effects on the performance of lambs born to Corriedale ewes in extensive sheep systems in Western Patagonia. A total of 10 Corriedale, 10 Dorset, nine Suffolk and seven Texel sires, 16 of which were under a genetic recorded scheme and 20 selected from flocks not participating in genetic improvement programmes, were used across six commercial farms for 2 successive years. Data were collected from 685 lambs of the four resulting genotypes. Overall, Corriedale lambs were 0.47 kg lighter at birth than crossbred lambs (P0.05). Carcass conformation was higher in Texel sired lambs compared with Corriedale lambs (P<0.05), with Dorset and Suffolk sired lambs being intermediate. Crossbred lambs showed a greater (P<0.001) eye muscle than Corriedale. Commercial cuts were affected by sire breed, as a result of the Corriedale lambs being smaller and having lighter carcass than crossbred lambs. Significant improvement in lamb weights at weaning and carcass traits could be expected when using a terminal sire on Corriedale ewes in Western Patagonia. However, no advantages were detected with the use of recorded sires under these production systems.
RESUMENVeinticinco vacas lecheras fueron asignadas a cinco tratamientos con 1, 3, 5, 7 ó 9 vacas por espacio de comedero. Cada comedero consistió en un alimentador electrónico que permitía el acceso del animal a ensilaje dispuesto sobre una balanza. El comportamiento de consumo fue monitoreado con collares electrónicos que permitían la identificación individual de cada animal mientras consumía ensilaje. Los animales tuvieron acceso al ensilaje durante todo el día, el que fue ofrecido diariamente a las 9:30 h. No se utilizó concentrado. Las vacas fueron asignadas a un diseño de Cuadrado GrecoLatino con cinco períodos. Cada período consistió en 14 días, y para cada período se registró el comportamiento de consumo de una vaca por tratamiento con el resto de las vacas utilizadas para lograr el nivel de competencia asignado. Se observó un incremento lineal (P < 0,001) en el número de comidas por día y la tasa de ingestión, a medida que se incrementaba la competencia. Un aumento en la competencia resultó en una reducción lineal (P < 0,01) en el tiempo total de consumo, tiempo de consumo por cada comida y tamaño de cada comida. El consumo total disminuyó, tanto bajo la ausencia de competencia, como a altos niveles de competencia, observándose una tendencia cuadrática (P < 0,05) al incrementar los niveles de competencia. Se concluye que a niveles bajos de competencia las vacas consumen pocas comidas de mayor tamaño, pero en la medida que aumenta la competencia, éstas consumen el ensilaje en un gran número de pequeñas comidas. A niveles intermedios de competencia, las vacas mantienen su nivel de consumo como resultado de marcados cambios en su comportamiento ingestivo.
Forage dry matter production (ton/ha) at harvest for the three cuts were : 6.4, 2.4 and 4.4 for treatments (A), (B) and (C), respectively.Overall better performance was achieved with short cutting intervals, with higher (P!0.05) growing rates with these two silages compared to the conventional one.
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