The relationship between seasonal variation and the effect of several different environmental factors on chromophore composition was investigated in the eye of the Japanese dace, Tribolodon hakonensis which lives either in rivers or in the sea. Eyes obtained from river and sea populations had both retinal (A1) and 3,4-didehydroretinal (A2) all through the year but the ratio of these chromophores showed seasonal variation the relative amount of A2 was higher in winter and lower in summer. Besides seasonal variation, A2 showed marked differences depending on habitat: the highest proportion of A2 was 67% in January and the lowest 13% in July, in the river population, whereas in the sea population the highest and the lowest values were only 30 and 6%, respectively, during the same months. The seasonal variation in gonadosomatic index showed no correlation to variations in A2 proportion, and the maximum difference in water temperature between summer and winter was ca. 15 degrees C for both habitats. Because spectral conditions at the locations of capture of both river and sea populations were similar, we conclude that Japanese dace eyes are affected by exogenous factors related to differences between freshwater and seawater environments.

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Behavior of sulfur in high temperature oxidation of Fe-20Cr-4A1 alloys with 491, 1300 and 6300ppm of sulfur was studied at 1473K for 18.Oks in 1 bar of oxygen. Mass changes of these alloys after the oxidation were almost the same of 0.60x 10-2kg/m2. The oxide scales with good adhesion on each alloys were analysed as a-A12O3 by XRD analyses. Observation of indentation by hardness measurement suggested that a highly ductile scales were formed on these alloys.

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