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We overview the research on interactive evolutionary computation (IEC). The IEC is an EC that optimizes systems based on human subjective evaluation. First, the definition and features of the IEC are described. Then, the overview of the IEC research follows. The overview consists of two parts: application and interface researches. The IEC application fields in this survey include graphic art and animation, 3-D CG lighting, music, editorial design, industrial design, face image generation, speech processing and synthesis, hearing aid fitting, virtual reality, media database retrieval, data mining, image processing, control and robotics, food industry, geophysics, education, entertainment, and so on. The interface research to reduce human fatigue in this survey includes interfaces of fitness input and display based on fitness prediction, accelerating EC convergence especially in early EC generations, combinations of interactive and normal ECs, and active user intervention. Finally, we discuss the IEC from the point of the future research direction of computational intelligence. The biggest feature of this paper is to wholly survey them with 200 IEC papers rather than to carefully select representative papers to show the status quo of the IEC researches.

We've known for a while that the Internet has ossified as a result of the race to optimise existing applications or enhance security. NATs, performance-enhancing-proxies, firewalls and traffic normalizers are only a few of the middleboxes that are deployed in the network and look beyond the IP header to do their job. IP itself can't be extended because "IP options are not an option" [9]. Is the same true for TCP?In this paper we develop a measurement methodology for evaluating middlebox behavior relating to TCP extensions and present the results of measurements conducted from multiple vantage points. The short answer is that we can still extend TCP, but extensions' design is very constrained as it needs to take into account prevalent middlebox behaviors. For instance, absolute sequence numbers cannot be embedded in options, as middleboxes can rewrite ISN and preserve undefined options. Sequence numbering also must be consistent for a TCP connection, because many middleboxes only allow through contiguous flows.We used these findings to analyze three proposed extensions to TCP. We find that MPTCP is likely to work correctly in the Internet or fall-back to regular TCP. TcpCrypt seems ready to be deployed, however it is fragile if resegmentation does happen -for instance with hardware offload. Finally, TCP extended options in its current form is not safe to deploy.

This paper proposes an automatic fuzzy system design method that uses a Genetic Algorithm and integrates three design stages; our method determines membership functions, the number of fuzzy rules, and the ruleconsequent parameters at the same time. Because these design stages may not be independent, it is important to consider them simultaneously to obtain optimal fuzzy systems. The method includes a genetic algorithm and a penalty strategy that favors systems with fewer rules. The proposed method is applied to the classic inverted pendulum control problem and has been shown to be practical through a comparison with another method.

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