This paper presents a power sharing control method for use between paralleled three-phase inverters in an islanded microgrid. In this study, the mismatch of power sharing when the line impedances have significant differences for inverters connected to a microgrid has been solved, the accuracy of power sharing in an islanded microgrid is improved, the voltage droop slope is tuned to compensate for the mismatch in the voltage drops across line impedances by using communication links. The method will ensure in accurate power sharing even if the communication is interrupted. If the load changes while the communication is interrupted, the accuracy of power sharing is reduced but the proposed method is better than the conventional droop control method. In addition, the accuracy of power sharing base on the proposed method is not affected by the time delay in the communication channel and local loads at the output of the inverters. The control model has been simulated in Matlab/Simulink with two or three inverters are connected in parallel. Simulation results demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed control method. Futhermore, in order to validate the theoretical analysis and simulation results, an experimental setup was built in the laboratory. Results obtained from the experimental setup verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
The tracer technique is recommended as an effective tool in surveying abnormal seepage through lakes and dams. By injecting a tracer into a known upstream location and monitoring the appearance of the tracer in the downstream leak point, it is possible to determine the direction and the average water velocity of the preferential flow through the dam. The detailed result achieved depends on the number of samples and the sampling locations to analyze tracer concentration over time in the field. This study proposes to use noninvasive self-potential measurements to determine the location and time the salt tracer moves through the seepage zone. The connection between the potential signal according to the propagation of the NaCl salt tracer and the water velocity was demonstrated through an experiment on a sandbox model. Experimental results express a good agreement between the time to reach the maximum value of the potential variation and the salt concentration variation with the time that water comes to monitoring locations. The result indicates an ability to determine the pore water velocity of the seepage zone based on the recording of potential signals produced by a salt tracer movement. The salt tracer test using NaCl combined with self-potential measurements was then applied to survey a leaking earth dam in the Dong Nai river basin (Vietnam).
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