Produksi dan konsumsi plastik meningkat setiap tahunnya. Olehnya itu perlu dilakukan pemanfaatan plastik khusunya plastik Polypropylene (PP) melalui metode pirolisis menghasilkan bahan bakar minyak (BBM). Hal ini merupakan alternatif untuk dapat menanggulangi pesatmya jumlah pemakaian bahan bakar minyak (BBM) dan konsumsi plastik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan bahan bakar alternatif dengan mengetahui temperatur dan waktu tinggal dari minyak. Metode perlakuaan thermal yaitu pirolisis, dimana bahan yang digunakan yaitu plastik bekas kemasan gelas, dengan variasi suhu 200 o C,250 o C,300 o C,350 o C,400 o C dan 450 o C. Yield terbanyak yang didapat dari pirolisis variasi suhu di pirolisis kembali untuk mendapatkan waktu optimum variasi waktu 5,10,15,20,25 dan 30 menit. Hasil penelitian disimpulkan limbah plastik jenis PP metode pirolisis dapat dihasilkan bahan bakar minyak yang setara dengan bensin. Suhu proses yang dihasilkan 400 o C yield 79,85% sedangkan waktu optimum 25 menit yield 72,19%. Hasil diperoleh 0,7542 gram/ml untuk uji densitas, 11.621,4 kal/gram untuk uji nilai kalor dan 29,91% area diperoleh kadar senyawa hidrokarbon 2,4-dimethyl-1-heptene (C9H18) pada pengujian komponen senyawa kimia di alat GC-MS
The increasing consumption of electrical energy and still dependent on non-renewable energy has encouraged the implementation of effective, efficient, and environmentally friendly technologies to produce electrical energy. Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) is one of the alternative technologies that utilize microorganisms in converting chemical energy from organic compounds under anaerobic conditions to be converted into electrical energy. The study was conducted to determine the potential of electrical energy generated from the treatment of eceng gondok waste (Eichhornia crassipes) with variations in the addition of buffer solutions and combinations of electrolyte solutions using the microorganism Saccharomyces cerevisiae through Microbial Fuel Cell technology. This study consists of three stages and methods, namely sample preparation, MFC media preparation, and analysis of pH, current, voltage, and power density. Measurement of the value of the maximum voltage, maximum current and power density is carried out every 3 hours for 27 hours for each treatment. The results were obtained as follows consecutively: firstly, for variations without the addition of buffers and electrolyte solutions are 0.25 volts; 0.08 mA; 13.05 mW/m2, secondly, with buffer and electrolyte solution KMnO4 0.2 M are 1.12 volts; 0.77 mA; 562.92 mW/m2, and thirdly, with buffer and K3Fe(CN)6 0.2 M are 0.47 volts; 0.48 mA; 147.26 mW/m2. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that the most optimal variation in producing electrical energy was in the variation in the addition of a phosphate buffer and 0.2 M KMnO4 solution. Eceng gondok waste has the potential to be used as a source of electrical energy.
The problem of disposable diaper waste is a serious problem that challenges the environment. Therefore, the researchers sought the utilization of diaper waste in agriculture. Efficiency of fertilizer absorption in plants in the environment by 30-40%, remaining in the air and evaporating into ammonia gas. Utilization of baby diaper waste as a matrix and urea as a filler was carried out in this study. This is expected to be able to control the release of nitrogen in fertilizers in accordance with the amount and amount needed by plants (desorption) and maintain nitrogen requirements in the soil, so that the amount of fertilizer given is more efficient than conventional methods. How the purpose of this research is how to make fertilizer based on diaper waste, determine Nitrogen adsorption capacity into the matrix and determine the fertilizer requirements for growing chilli seedlings. The study was divided into 5 stages, the processing of baby diaper waste; second, the manufacture of urea larvae (fillers); three, filling the filler into the matrix; Rate, determine the Nitrogen adsorption capacity into the matrix; discuss, test on plants. The research results obtained are variations in the contribution of urea used as fillers is 15%. Based on this research, it can be said that diaper waste has the potential to control the release of urea. Furthermore, it can explain the rate of release of urea in chili plants.
Mudahnya penyebaran virus korona mengharuskan kita menerapkan pola hidup bersih dan sehat sesuai protokol kesehatan yang ada melalui cuci tangan dan penyemprotan cairan kimia yang bisa membunuh virus dan kuman atau disinfeksi. Disinfeksi sendiri harus dilakukan dari lingkungan terkecil yaitu rumah dan dimulai dari diri sendiri. Penyemprotan cairan disinfektan tengah marak dilakukan di tengah pandemi global virus Covid-19. Tidak hanya oleh instansi resmi, warga juga berlomba-lomba melakukannya secara mandiri. (Budiman,2020). Sebagai alternatif pengganti disinfektan dari alkohol dan klorin, yaitu dengan menggunakan air rebusan daun sirih dan jeruk nipis yang merupakan bahan alami dan bisa kita temukan di pasar maupun di perkebunan. Daun sirih bisa menjadi alternatif di tengah kelangkaan bahan-bahan yang digunakan membuat cairan disinfektan. (Wisnu,2018). Pada penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian yaitu Studi Pustaka (Library Research). Studi kepustakaan adalah pengumpulan data yang dilakukan dengan menelaah dan membandingkan buku, literatur, catatan, serta berbagai laporan yang berkaitan dengan masalah yang akan dipecahkan. Penggunaan daun sirih dan jeruk nipis untuk bahan alami pembuatan disinfektan terbukti efektif untuk menghambat penyebaran pathogen, membunuh pathogen, membasmi virus, kuman, jamur. Kandungan unsur-unsur senyawa dari kedua bahan alami ini berfungsi sebagai antiseptik alami terhadap beberapa pathogen, seperti Staphylococcus aureus., Bacillus sp., Escherichia coli, dan Salmonella Rafi.
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