The study reasserts the predisposing factors for the transmission of STDs as age, early sexual debut, drug abuse and overcrowding, noting that prisons are highly vulnerable environments where overcrowding, sexual condition, early sexual initiation, high drug abuse and the lacking spouses visits provide an epidemiological context favorable for increased STD.

No existen conflictos de interés para este estudio inédito. Estudio financiado con fondos del proyecto de Investigación Mayor UTA 2012 (7710-12) "

Abstract. Cervical cancer is the second most prevalent female cancer worldwide. The majority of cases appear between the age of 30 and 50. Human papillomavirus (HPV) plays a central role in cervical cancer with 99.7% of HPV DNA identified in invasive cervical carcinomas. The prevalence of the HPV infection varies substantially among countries and according to age and lifestyle. HPV is a common sexually transmitted infection among males and females with a 70% higher incidence in sexually active females. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of human papillomavirus in young university women by analyzing the correlation between Papanicolaou (PAP)-stained cervical tests and HPV detection by genotyping, as well as other risk factors. A total of 200 women aged between 18 and 25 years were enrolled in this study, which took place between September 2008 and May 2009 at the Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica, Chile. Results of the PAP smears showed that 97.5% of cells had normal characteristics, although an inflammatory pattern was noted. The prevalence of generic HPV infection was 3.5% when testing for HPV DNA using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. An analysis of the genotype of infected female individuals indicated that high-risk HPV types, such as HPV 16 and 31 were present in 42.84 and 14.29% of females, respectively, and low-risk types such as HPV 6, in 14.29%. Only one sample with differentiated non-HPV (14.29%) was found. A 95% correlation between PAP-stained cervical tests and the method of testing for HPV was observed. Using the PCR method, it was found that of the 195 negative PAP smears, 5 were positive for HPV and two of the samples that were positive for ASC-US were also positive. A significantly increased (P<0.05) HPV infection risk was observed in the 18-21 age group with a higher prevalence (71.40%) when compared to the 22-25 age group (28.6%). A significant (P<0.042) difference was found between smoking and HPV infection. In conclusion, a significant (P<0.05) correlation was found between PAP and PCR methods for HPV testing in young university women. A significant correlation between smoking and HPV was detected, whereas no difference was noted with other parameters.

Trichomona vaginalis INFECTION IN AYMARA WOMAN RESIDENT IN URBAN AREAS There is an ethnic Aymara group with well defined sociocultural characteristics in the highlands of the 1º region of Chile. They have tendency towards the endogamy, which they have sustained through time and in the last years they have had moved towards the urban sector. Due to emigration it is important to know the prevalence the Trichomona vaginalis on this ethnic group, resident in the urban zone of Arica. The study was performed in 95 Aymara women in fertile age which had emigrated to the urban zone. In every woman a gynaecological exam was performed and a sample of vaginal secretions was taken for the determination of T. vaginalis. The results from these studies showed that the prevalence the T. vaginalis was of 10.5%. In relation to the infection grade by age, the most common porcentage showed between 20 to 29 years old. The 11.1% of women with T. vaginalis begin its sexual activity between 16 and 25 years of age. Sexual promiscuous is the 40% and from them the 15.8% was in infected. Beetween the woman which remain social cultured attached to their natural habitat only 4.9% was infected. We can conclude that the Aymara woman migrating and establishing in the urban sector, without keeping bonds with their origin place, received the impact the urban medium provoking the increase of the T. vaginalis.