Abstract Zika is a vector-borne viral disease transmitted to humans primarily by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. The increased climate instability has contributed to the emergence of infections carried by mosquitoes like dengue, chikungunya and zika. While infection with the zika virus is not new, the recent epidemic of microcephaly in Brazil and other countries in South America resulting from the infection of pregnant women with the zika virus raise a number of serious public health concerns. These include the question of how climate change affects the range of zika vectors, what can we do to shorten the length of mosquito season, how and why the symptoms of zika infection have changed and what can be done to reduce the burden of human disease from this infection? Another important question that needs to be answered is what are the factors that caused the zika virus to leave the non-human primates and/or other mammals and invade the human population?

Pediatric laceration repair is a daunting process for parents and physicians. The repair could take place quickly if the child is calm and relaxed.This study aimeds to evaluate parental and physician preference for anxiolytic medication administration prior to laceration repair, with a pre-and post-repair survey on parents' and physicians' initial preference and follow-up perception. MethodsParents or guardians of children aged six months to five years who presented with simple lacerations and their physicians were asked to complete a survey on potential benefits and expectations of anxiolytic use before and after the laceration repair. ResultsFifty parents/guardians completed the survey. Forty-three (86%) expressed their preference for anxiolytic medication use if it had been available, before laceration repair. Parents/guardians perceived reactions to laceration repair before and after the procedure were significant, ranging from "uncontrolled crying" to "continuous crying" (p=.032). The parents/guardians overwhelmingly preferred to take part in the decisionmaking process during the repair (not significant). Preference for anxiolytic use was high before repair at 54% and increased to 62% after witnessing the procedure (not significant). Physicians who completed the survey supported the use of anxiolytics 84% of the time. Forty (80%) physicians preferred the intranasal route, while parents/guardians preferred the oral route (58%). ConclusionsProcedural sedation is critical for anxiety control and to minimize the difficulties related to treatment. In our study, parents and physicians supported the administration of an anxiolytic agent to help alleviate anxiety and achieve optimal outcomes.

Background: Currently, more than half of medical schools require an EM clerkship, and this number continues to grow. The wide variety of patients and disease presentations provides an excellent learning environment and students the opportunity to function as part of the medical care team. Despite this, there is scarce literature on the role of the student.Objectives: The goal of this study is to document the utilization of medical students in a typical ED shift. As this study was conducted following the 2018 change by CMS allowing student documentation in the official medical record, we anticipate a significant portion of time will be spent in the EMR.Methods: The study was conducted using an observational prospective design. In total, 6 students on their third-year core clerkship and 13 students on their acting internship (AI) were observed at an urban level 1 trauma center. Observers classified medical student activities as shown in table 1 and table 2. Analysis was performed using basic inferential statistics.Results: Overall, nearly 40% of time was spent on computer-based activities including non-bedside clinical work and documentation, while less than 30% of time was spent on direct patient care. Compared to AIs, M3 students spent a significantly larger amount of time waiting and shadowing (p-values 0.04 and <0.01, respectively). AIs spent a significantly larger amount of time on non-bedside clinical care and documentation (p-values <0.01 and 0.03, respectively).Conclusions: Similar to physicians, students spend the largest portion of time on computer-based activities. This may reflect the 2018 change by CMS allowing student documentation in the medical record. The amount of time spent by third year medical students in activities such as waiting and shadowing likely reflects the decreased level of experience and perceived ability by the attending physician. Future studies will analyze activities deemed most useful by students and faculty.

Introduction:The purpose of this study was to compare parents' perceptions of threats and solutions to school gun violence in two different communities.Methods: Parents of school-aged children visiting emergency rooms of two large trauma centers in Upstate New York (UNY) and New York City (NYC), between October 2019 and December 2020, were surveyed (UNY: n=202, NYC: n=100). Responses were compared by site, firearm experience, and concern for school safety.Results: Respondents from the two sites differed by sociodemographic characteristics. Of the 302 respondents, 64% feared a school shooting incident, but UNY respondents were less likely to report concern (46.5% vs 99%, p<0.001). UNY respondents were more likely to feel safe for their children (75.3% vs 7%, p<0.001) and to report feeling safer if guns were available to teachers (22.3% vs 6%, p <0.001). Both sites' respondents agreed on the need for armed police presence (76.7% vs 74%, p=0.11). Of the 193 parents concerned about a school shooting, 11.9% indicated feeling safer if guns were available to teachers versus 25.7% of those who were not (p=0.002). Agreement on solutions for making schools safer differed by the site. NYC respondents were unanimously supportive, but UNY support ranged from 52% for metal detectors to 84.5% for controlled entry points.Conclusion: Although perceptions of child safety and experience with guns varied by location, most parents agreed on potential solutions, that it should be the security officers, not teachers, who should be carrying firearms and that armed police should be present in schools to provide safety.

Background Minority groups have the lowest vaccination rates when compared to the overall population. We aim to study the attitudes and perceptions of COVID-19 vaccination, about six months after vaccine rollout in the South Bronx. Methods Cross-sectional anonymized online survey evaluating knowledge, attitude and perception about COVID-19 vaccination using SurveyMonkey™ was conducted in South Bronx community from April - June 2021. Results Of the 281 participants, 67% were Latinx and 16% were African American (AA); 69% (195) were fully vaccinated (FV) and 31% (86) with vaccine hesitancy (VH). The common reasons for hesitancy were “concerns about side effects” (38%), “vaccine is not safe” (27%) and “vaccine was approved too fast” (26%) (p&lt; .001). VH were more likely to rely online/mobile apps (30%) and friends and family (23%) as compared to FV. VH were more likely to be AA, younger age (&lt; 35 yrs), high school or lower education, single, unemployed, without comorbidities, not current on other eligible vaccines, and did not believe “vaccine is necessary to end the pandemic.” Majority of participants from both cohorts trusted their primary care providers. Mistrust with healthcare and pharmaceutical companies was higher in VH (p=0.009). Both groups preferred to continue wearing mask and practice social distancing despite vaccination status. Table 1b: COVID-19 Vaccine Survey Summary Table 1c: COVID-19 Vaccine Survey Participant Characteristics Conclusion Persisting vaccine hesitancy is concerning in minority communities. Identifying the target population and implementation of innovative methods to improve COVID-19 vaccination acceptance leveraging primary care providers would be a possible solution. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures