Introduction: Poly Cystic Ovarian Disease (PCOD) is probably one of the most commonendocrinological disorders amongst the women during their reproductive years. Using USG criteria only 20-33% ofapparently healthy women in childbearing period, have been found to have PCOD in population study. Whereasprevalence of 4-10% in women of reproductive age is commonly reported when the diagnosis is based on clinical,biochemical and US scan features. Objective:-Diagnosis and management of polycystic ovarian disease. Setting SeyalMedical Centre, Multan. Duration From January 2002 to December 2003. Material and Methods: Sample size: 200patients. Results: Most of he patients were in the age group of 21-30 years. The youngest patient was of 17 years andeldest was of 42 years. Majority of the women were nulliparous or of low parity comprising 92% of cases. Thecommonest symptom was menstrual disorder in 168 Patients (84%). Ultrasound is very helpful for diagnosis of POD.About 80% of patients were diagnosed as PCOD on ultrasound. There is increased level of LH in 72% patients, 8%have raised prolactin levels. All patients were first treated with clomiphene citrate while surgical treatment is done inonly 30% of cases. GnRH analogue and purified FSH were not used because they are quite expensive. Conclusion:PCOD is found to be one of the commonest problem in reproductive years of life. Clomiphene citrate is first linetreatment in PCOD for infertility. Laparoscopic drilling has very good results especially in clomiphene resistant cases.

Objectives: To correlate preoperative diagnosis with operative findingsregarding the type of ovarian tumours. Material and Methods: Setting: Gynaecology Unit-I, Nishtar Hospital, Multan.Sample size: 50 patients. Duration: One year from October 2001 to October 2002. Study Design: A prospectiveanalytical study. Results: Most common age group in benign tumours was 20-40 years. 50% of patients with malignanttumours were between 30-50 years. Out of 50 patients, 33.3% benign tumours were in unmarried girls. Only 5% ofcancers were in nullipara, while 80% of patients had two or more children. Most common presenting symptom wasabdominal/pelvic pain. Abdominal distension was present in 75% of malignant cases. Pressure effects, metastaticsymptoms and general symptoms were more frequently seen in malignant than benign cases. On ultrasonography,benign tumours were cystic in 83.3% of patients and 46% of these cystic tumours had either internal septations orechoes. 85% of malignant tumours were either solid or mixed. Ascites was detected in 60% of cancers. Abdominalascites was found in 75% of malignant cases intra-operatively. Irregular tumours and those with surface adhesionswere more likely to be malignant. The accuracy of preoperative diagnosis was found to be 84%, 5 cases initiallyconsidered malignant were later on found to be benign, while 3 cases diagnosed as benign preoperatively provedmalignant. Out of 50 cases, 46 (92%) cases were diagnosed as epithelial cell tumour on histopathology, while 4 cases(8%) were germ cell tumours. Conclusion: It was concluded that identification of risk factors, detailed enquiry of thepresenting symptoms and proper clinical examination of the tumour provide important information about the type ofovarian tumour. Ultrasonography is the best preoperative technique available to differentiate benign from malignantovarian tumours.