Objective : To determine the association of maternal obesity and pregnancy induced hypertension in a tertiary care hospital, South Punjab. Study Design: A cohort study Duration: six months Settings: This study was carried out in obstetrics and gynaecology unit 18 , Nisthar Hospital Multan. Materials & Methods: 244 pregnant normotensive women were included in the study. 122 women carrying a single fetus with Body Mass Index ≥30 kg/m2 were appended in Group A while 122 with singleton pregnancy with BMI 20-30 kg/m2 were put in Group B. Blood pressure was recorded on each antenatal visit. Pregnancy Induced Hypertension was diagnosed when blood pressure was >140/90 mmHg checked on two occasions 4 -6 hours apart or a diastolic B.P >110 mmHg. Results: Age range of patients was from 25 to 35 years with mean age 29.910±3.00 years in Group A while 29.762±2.91 years in Group B. Mean Gestational age was 30.336±5.83 wks in Group A and 29.557±3.66 wks in Group B, while mean BMI was 32.762±2.61 in group A and 26.065±1.75 in group B. Pregnancy Induced Hypertension was seen 36.1% in group A as compare to 6.6% in group B (P 0.000)(RRR=450%). Conclusion: Dealing an antenatal obese patient is challenging in field of obstetrics because of associated complications especially Pregnancy Induced Hypertension (PIH). Pre-pregnancy counseling and adopotion of strategies to reduce weight is utmost important. Practitioners should provide awareness before conception to achieve target weight and during antenatal period to allow supervised optimum weight gain. Keywords: Raised BMI , Obesity, Pregnancy Induced Hypertension
The aim of this study was to determine the predispositions of the studied groups of students to work in the IT sector. The basis for predisposition assessment was their voluntary self-assessment of certain preferences, which are related to the theory of multiple intelligences of Professor Gardner. The study was conducted on a reference group of IT sector employees, assuming that they will be the model, to which the results of the study will be related. The method used to obtain data about the students’ predispositions was a test carried out in an auditorium mode or online. More than 500 students from several countries were surveyed and interesting statistical material was obtained allowing for comparison between groups. The most important result was to find a way to sort the students into groups in order from most similar in their aptitude to the market pattern to least. This made it possible to determine the boundary beyond which students could be considered selected for a job in the IT sector. Statistical hypotheses about the similarity of the student groups to the reference group were verified. The results were both positive, confirming that a large percentage of students have predispositions to work in the IT market, and less promising. The authors are convinced that the method can be applied all over the world, as they examined groups in very diverse countries, taking into account, for example, location, education system, culture or religion.
Objective: To find out the prevalence of hyperprolactinemia in subfertile females attending outpatient department (OPD) in a tertiary care hospital of South Punjab, Pakistan Design: Cross sectional Setting: Gynaecological outpatient department (OPD) Nishtar Hospital Multan, Pakistan Duration of study: Six months Subjects and methods: After approval from the hospital ethical committee, 379 patients, who meet the set standards, having primary and secondary subfertility, were included from Gynae outpatient department (OPD) of Nishtar Hospital Multan. After informed consent, serum prolactin level was measured of all selected women. Data was entered into a computer using SPSS version 10 for Windows. Results: Most women (39.05%) were 26-30 years old and were nullipara. BMI > 30 was observed in 21.89% of cases. Majority of patients (66.75%) were having primary subfertility. Secondary subfertility was reported in 33.24% of cases. Duration of subfertility was < 5 years in 63.06% of patients and in 36.93% of cases duration of subfertility was ≥5 years. Frequency of hyperprolactinemia in subfertile women was 29.28%. Conclusion: Hyperprolactinemia causes anovulatory cycles because of suppression of endogenous gonadotrophins and it is commonly encountered in patients who primarily find unable to conceive as compared to those who have previously conceived. Keywords: High prolactin levels, primary infertility, secondary subfertility, prolactinoma.
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