CEPAS MONOSPÓRICAS DE Metarhizium anisopliae y su PATOGENICIDAD SOBRE Galleria mellonellaRev Mex Cienc Pecu 2014;5(2):171-180 Cepas monospóricas de RESUMENLa "polilla mayor de las ceras" Galleria mellonella L. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) es ocasionalmente encontrada en colmenas y es la principal plaga de cera almacenada. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar la patogenicidad de aislamientos monospóricos nativos de M. anisopliae sobre larvas de G. mellonella. Se utilizaron cuatro aislamientos poliespóricos nativos (MaA1, MaA2, MaA3, MaA4). De cada aislamiento se obtuvieron 10 aislamientos monospóricos; así, un total de 40 aislamientos monospóricos se utilizaron para la prueba de patogenicidad, los cuales fueron conformados en cuatro grupos con base al aislamiento poliespórico de origen. El análisis estadístico aplicado separadamente a cada uno de los cuatro grupos mostró diferencias significativas (Tukey, P<0.05) en la mortalidad de G. mellonella. Los aislamientos de M. anisopliae más patogénicos, y que superan el 80 % de mortalidad fueron: MaA4(5), MaA1(4) y MaA3(7), con 100.0, 88.9 y 83.3 %, respectivamente. Los resultados indican amplia variabilidad intra-específica de cultivos monospóricos del hongo M. anisopliae en cuanto a su patogenicidad hacia larvas de G. mellonella, demuestran la utilidad de cultivos monospóricos y su caracterización patogénica para la selección de aislamientos con características sobresalientes; así también, muestra el potencial del hongo para el desarrollo de bioinsecticidas contra la palomilla de la cera G. mellonella.PALABRAS CLAVE: Apicultura, Hongos entomopatógenos, Polilla mayor de la cera. ABSTRACT"Greater wax moth" Galleria mellonella L. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) is occasionally found in beehives and is the main pest of stored wax. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the pathogenicity of native monosporic strains of M. anisopliae against G. mellonella larvae. Four polysporic indigenous isolates were used (MaA1, MaA2, MaA3, MaA4). Ten monosporic strains were obtained from each polysporic isolate. Thus, a total of 40 strains was obtained and used for the pathogenicity assay. Monosporic strains were formed into four groups based on parental polysporic isolates. Statistical analysis applied separately to each of the four groups of monosporic strains showed significant differences in G. mellonella mortality. The more pathogenic strains were MaA4(5), MaA1(4) and MaA3(7), with mortality of 100.0, 88.9 and 83.3 %, respectively. The results indicate wide intra-specific variability of monosporic strains of M. anisopliae in terms of their pathogenicity to larvae of G. mellonella. They also demonstrate the utility of monosporic strains and their pathogenic characterization for selection of isolates with outstanding features; as well as, the potential of the studied fungus for development of bioinsecticides against "greater wax moth" G. mellonella.
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