Ru/SrTiO 3 :Rh photocatalyst powder for H 2 evolution and varied photocatalyst powders for O 2 evolution such as BiVO 4 and WO 3 were suspended in acidified aqueous solutions, resulting in showing activities for water splitting into H 2 and O 2 in a stoichiometric ratio without an electron mediator under visible light irradiation. The photocatalytic activities were dependent on pH. The highest activity was obtained at pH 3.5. An optical microscope observation of the aqueous suspension containing Ru/SrTiO 3 :Rh and BiVO 4 powders at pH 3.5 revealed that these powders aggregated with suitable contact. The condition of Rh doped in SrTiO 3 also affected strongly the photocatalytic activity and quenching of the photoluminescence of BiVO 4 . The high photocatalytic activity was obtained and the luminescence was remarkably quenched, when SrTiO 3 :Rh containing Rh species with reversible redox properties was used and mixed. These results indicated that the photocatalytic water splitting and quenching of the photoluminescence occurred through interparticle electron transfer from the conduction band of BiVO 4 to impurity level consisting of the reversible Rh species doped in SrTiO 3 . Thus, we succeeded in constructing unique and simple Z-scheme photocatalysis systems driven by interparticle electron transfer under visible light irradiation. In addition, the (Ru/SrTiO 3 :Rh)-(BiVO 4 ) system split water under simulated sunlight (AM-1.5).
IrO2-loaded SrTiO3 doped with rhodium and antimony synthesized by a conventional solid-state reaction splits water under visible light and simulated sunlight irradiation giving 0.1% of the apparent quantum yield at 420 nm. The response wavelength up to 500 nm is the longest among achieved photocatalytic water splitting with one-step photoexcitation.
We have developed a new perpendicular thermo-magnetic recording
method coupled with magnetic flux detection. The resolution is
substantially improved by flux detection. Compared to the latest
magneto-optical disk drives, the carrier-to-noise ratio of a
reproduced signal is 5 dB higher, and the recording density reaches
8.3 Gbit/inch2. Moreover, this recording method has a good affinity to
near-field optics, and it is an effective technique for attaining a
higher density beyond the super-paramagnetic limitation in
longitudinal magnetic recording.
Analysis of Co∕Pt and Co∕Pd multilayer films was performed to investigate the dependence of interfacial magnetic anisotropy (IMA) and induced magnetization on the thickness of the laminated Pd or Pt layers. For the Co∕Pd films, the IMA energy increased as the thickness of the laminated Pd layer was increased up to ∼0.8nm and depended proportionally on the amount of the induced magnetization. This suggests that the whole magnetic moment induced in a few Pd atomic layers contributed to the IMA. In contrast, for the Co∕Pt films, this proportional relationship only held when the thickness of the Pt layer was less than ∼0.2nm. Since one Pt monolayer is 0.225nm thick, the amount of the IMA energy in the Co∕Pt films is proportional to the number of Pt–Co atomic contacts. This difference between Co∕Pt and Co∕Pd multilayer films is attributed to the difference in the latent ferromagnetism between Pt and Pd.
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