PurposeNonequilibrium atmospheric pressure plasma (NEAPP) therapy has recently been focused on as a novel medical practice. Using cells with acquired paclitaxel/cisplatin resistance, we elucidated effects of indirect NEAPP-activated medium (NEAPP-AM) exposure on cell viability and tumor growth in vitro and in vivo.MethodsUsing chronic paclitaxel/cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cells, we applied indirect NEAPP-exposed medium to cells and xenografted tumors in a mouse model. Furthermore, we examined the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) or their scavengers in the above-mentioned EOC cells.ResultsWe assessed the viability of NOS2 and NOS3 cells exposed to NEAPP-AM, which was prepared beforehand by irradiation with NEAPP for the indicated time. In NOS2 cells, viability decreased by approximately 30% after NEAPP-AM 120-sec treatment (P<0.01). The growth-inhibitory effects of NEAPP-AM were completely inhibited by N-acetyl cysteine treatment, while L-buthionine-[S, R]-sulfoximine, an inhibitor of the ROS scavenger used with NEAPP-AM, decreased cell viability by 85% after NEAPP-AM 60-sec treatment(P<0.05) and by 52% after 120 sec, compared to the control (P<0.01). In the murine subcutaneous tumor-formation model, NEAPP-AM injection resulted in an average inhibition of the NOS2 cell-inoculated tumor by 66% (P<0.05) and NOS2TR cell-inoculated tumor by 52% (P<0.05), as compared with the control.ConclusionWe demonstrated that plasma-activated medium also had an anti-tumor effect on chemo-resistant cells in vitro and in vivo. Indirect plasma therapy is a promising treatment option for EOC and may contribute to a better patient prognosis in the future.

Naphthalene diimide derivative 1 carrying ferrocenyl moieties at the termini of imide substituents binds intact calf thymus DNA 4 times more strongly than the denatured DNA, and its complex with the intact DNA dissociates 80 times more slowly than that with the denatured DNA. On the basis of these observations, ligand 1 was applied to a probe of electrochemical DNA sensing. A thiol-linked single-stranded DNA probe was immobilized through the S-Au bonding to 20-30 pmol/mm2 on a gold electrode. Following hybridization with the complementary DNA, the electrode was soaked in a solution containing 1 (intercalation step) and then washed with buffer for 5 s. The cyclic voltammogram and differential pulse voltammogram for this electrode gave an electrochemical signal due to the redox reaction of 1 that was bound to the double-stranded DNA on the electrode. Thus, dA20 and the yeast choline transport gene were quantitated at the subpicomole level. The sensitivity of DNA detection was improved to 10 zmol by reducing the amount of immobilized DNA probe and protecting the uncovered surface of the electrode with 2-mercaptoethanol.

Two independent ovarian cancer cell lines and fibroblast controls were treated with nonequilibrium atmospheric pressure plasma (NEAPP). Most ovarian cancer cells were detached from the culture dish by continuous plasma treatment to a single spot on the dish. Next, the plasma source was applied over the whole dish using a robot arm. In vitro cell proliferation assays showed that plasma treatments significantly decreased proliferation rates of ovarian cancer cells compared to fibroblast cells. Flow cytometry and western blot analysis showed that plasma treatment of ovarian cancer cells induced apoptosis. NEAPP could be a promising tool for therapy for ovarian cancers.

The system of pion, nucleon, and (3-3) particle acting mutually through the Yukawa interaction is investigated by means of the static meson theory. It is assumed that these particles (including the (3-3) particle) can be treated as elementary ones although they are equally constructed from urbaryons. An integral equation for the scattering amplitude is solved in some reasonable approximation. Since the Yukawa interaction is strong enough to produce resonances between pion and nucleon, one may expect that two resonances (or bound states) exist in the (3 3) state of pion-nucleon scattering. In fact, the solution with two resonances is obtained in case the mixing energy is small. It is shown, howevel", that one o£ them disappears when the mixing energy increases. § l. lntrodu.ctionRecently much progress has been made in elementary particle physics. The 5'U(6) theory 1 > has gained success in systematizing the low-lying octet and decuplet baryons into a 56-plet. This suggests that these baryons are equally constructed from urbaryons mainly by spin-unitary spin independent force.On the other hand, from the analysis of nuclear force, it has been well known that the Yukawa interaction exists between mesons and baryons. It has also been pointed out that the Yukawa interaction is not compatible with the SU (6) -symmetry.To get over this trouble, Ohnuki and Toyoda 2 > suggested from the standpoint of the composite model that the interaction Hamiltonian of the urbaryons concerned can be divided into two parts as follows :where FI1 is SU(6) -invariant and Fin is not. The Yukawa interaction, should be considered to be derived from the SU (6) -breaking part 1--In. Therefore, we can infer from this that, at first, both octet and decuplet baryons are equally constructed from urbaryons according to 11 1 , and subsequently the Yukawa interaction switches on between these baryons and n1esons, and the baryons come to wear meson cloud. Here it should be noted that the Yukawa interaction is not necessarily weak. For instance, using the static meson theory, Chew 3 > at University of Bath, Library on June 21, 2015 http://ptp.oxfordjournals.org/ Downloaded from iVlLring Eflect bet·ween Particles and Resonances *> Since yAjD 0 L)O as E-':>±=, there occurs only the odd num.ber of intersections. When ])A has three zero points, one of them corresponds to the energy at which the phase shift goes downward across n:/2. at University of Bath, Library on June 21, 2015 http://ptp.oxfordjournals.org/ Downloaded from *l Since ~-A/ D 0 A represents self-energy and D 0 A can be considered to be proportional to the propagator of a resonance (or particle) of type TT, yA corresponc1s to the mixing energy between resonances of types I and TI. at University of Bath, Library on June 21, 2015 http://ptp.oxfordjournals.org/ Downloaded from ()) .T. L. Gammel, Phys. l{ev. 95