The role of Fat Mass and Obesity-associated protein (FTO) and its substrate N6-methyladenosine (m6A) in mRNA processing and adipogenesis remains largely unknown. We show that FTO expression and m6A levels are inversely correlated during adipogenesis. FTO depletion blocks differentiation and only catalytically active FTO restores adipogenesis. Transcriptome analyses in combination with m6A-seq revealed that gene expression and mRNA splicing of grouped genes are regulated by FTO. M6A is enriched in exonic regions flanking 5′- and 3′-splice sites, spatially overlapping with mRNA splicing regulatory serine/arginine-rich (SR) protein exonic splicing enhancer binding regions. Enhanced levels of m6A in response to FTO depletion promotes the RNA binding ability of SRSF2 protein, leading to increased inclusion of target exons. FTO controls exonic splicing of adipogenic regulatory factor RUNX1T1 by regulating m6A levels around splice sites and thereby modulates differentiation. These findings provide compelling evidence that FTO-dependent m6A demethylation functions as a novel regulatory mechanism of RNA processing and plays a critical role in the regulation of adipogenesis.

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The stable marriage problem has recently been studied in its general setting, where both ties and incomplete lists are allowed. It is NP-hard to find a stable matching of maximum size, while any stable matching is a maximal matching and thus trivially we can obtain a 2-approximation algorithm.In this article, we give the first nontrivial result for approximation of factor less than two. Our algorithm achieves an approximation ratio of 2/(1 + L −2 ) for instances in which only men have ties of length at most L. When both men and women are allowed to have ties but the lengths are limited to two, then we show a ratio of 13/7(< 1.858). We also improve the lower bound on the approximation ratio to 21/19(> 1.1052). ACM Reference Format:Halldórsson, M. M., Iwama, K., Miyazaki, S., and Yanagisawa, H. 2007. Improved approximation results for the stable marriage problem.

Au nanoparticle (AuNP)-embedded carbon films were formed with a one-step reproducible process by using unbalanced magnetron (UBM) cosputtering to make it possible to detect As(3+) in water. The sputtered Au components formed NPs (typically 5 nm in diameter) spontaneously in the carbon films, owing to the poor intermiscibility of Au with carbon. The surface contents of embedded AuNPs in the carbon film were widely controllable (Au = 13-21 at %) by regulating the target powers of Au and carbon individually. The obtained film had a flat surface (Ra = 0.1 nm) despite the fact the AuNPs were partially exposed at the surface. By anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV) As(3+) detection, a limit of detection of 0.55 ppb and linear dynamic range of 1-100 ppb were obtained with our electrode. These values meet the requirements imposed by international regulation. Moreover, our electrode structure realized good electrode stability for repetitive ASV measurements (relative standard deviation (RSD) = 11.7%, n = 15) because the partially embedded AuNP structures prevented the AuNPs from detaching from the surface. This result was achieved by the electrode recovery only by a potential scan from 0.1 to 1.5 V. Our electrodes can be stocked for a long time (2 years) with maintaining the electrode performance, which is very attractive for practical electrode. Selectivity test by using Tsukuba tap water added 10 ppb As(3+) and 1000 ppb Cu(2+) was successfully achieved with existence of 0.1 M EDTA (RSD = 2.6%, n = 3). The ASV results with tap water samples agreed well with those by the conventional ICPMS method.

Organic field-effect transistors (FETs) based on unsubstituted diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) or quinacridone (QA) have been fabricated using their solvent-soluble precursors called latent pigments (t-BOC DPP and t-BOC QA) which can also be regenerated into their parent pigments by heating at about 200 C. The use of latent pigments enables us to fabricate FETs by spin coating, offering a low-cost fabrication process rather than an expensive vacuum technology. The objective of the present investigation is to evaluate the performance of DPP-and QA-based FETs prepared using latent pigments. As a result, field effect mobilities of about 7:19 Â 10 À6 and 8:23 Â 10 À6 cm 2 V À1 s À1 are obtained for FETs based on t-BOC DPP and QA, respectively. These values are almost equivalent to those of FETs prepared by the vacuum deposition of DPP and QA, namely 1:43 Â 10 À5 and 1:08 Â 10 À5 cm 2 V À1 s À1 , respectively. The present result leads us to conclude that latent pigment technology is an excellent low-cost process fabricating organic FETs.