We apply canonical Poisson-Lie T-duality transformations to bosonic open string worldsheet boundary conditions, showing that the form of these conditions is invariant at the classical level, and therefore they are compatible with Poisson-Lie T-duality. In particular the conditions for conformal invariance are automatically preserved, rendering also the dual model conformal. The boundary conditions are defined in terms of a gluing matrix which encodes the properties of D-branes, and we derive the duality map for this matrix. We demonstrate explicitly the implications of this map for D-branes in two non-Abelian Drinfel'd doubles.

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For the purpose of producing an intense beam of monoatomic negative hydrogen ions from a beam of accelerated positive hydrogen cluster ions, the mean specific size of the cluster ions of 103 atoms/charge for an acceleration voltage of 1 MV is necessary for efficient formation of the negative ions. A fundamental investigation on the tailoring of specific sizes has been carried out by using nitrogen cluster ions with a mean specific size of 105 atoms/charge. The nitrogen cluster ions were accelerated at a voltage of up to 20 kV before entering the divider which reduced their specific sizes by multiple ionization. The order of magnitude of the mean reduced specific size is 103–104 atoms/charge for the ionizing electron current up to 140 mA. These values were crosschecked by different experimental methods, examined theoretically and concluded to be resonable.

A theoretical treatment of the acceleration of cluster ions for additional heating of fusion plasma using the trapping effect in an accelerated potential wave is described. The conceptual design of the accelerator is the same as that by Enjoji,1,2) and the potential wave used is sinusoidal. For simplicity, collisions among cluster ions and the resulting breakups are neglected. The masses of the cluster ions are specified to range from 100 m D to 1000 m D (m D: mass of a deuterium atom). Theoretical treatment is carried out only for the injection velocity which coincides with the phase velocity of the applied wave at the entrance of the accelerator. An equation describing the rate for successful acceleration of ions with a certain mass is deduced for the continuous injection of cluster ions. Computation for a typical mass distribution shows that more than 70% of the injected particles are effectively accelerated.