Polymerizable carbamates were synthesized from 3‐vinylphenyl and 2‐methacryloyloxyethyl isocyanates and perfume and herbicide alcohols, such as 2‐phenethyl alcohol, citronellol, geraniol, 1‐menthol, borneol, and 2‐(2,4‐dichlorophenoxy)‐ and 2‐(2,4,5‐trichlorophenoxy)ethyl alcohols. Copolymerization of these carbamate monomers and N‐vinyl‐2‐pyrrolidone with AIBN in dioxane gave respective copolymers. Hydrolyses of both monomers and copolymers, however, required severe acid conditions, although different chemical structures gave different hydrolytic behaviors.

Freezing points of polyol-aqueous solutions (xylitol, sorbitol, maltitol, Iactitol, and hydrogenated corn syrup) were measured in the high concentration (30-60%) range and compared with those of their corresponding reducing sugar-ones (xylose, glucose and corn syrup). The freezing point depression (AT) of the formers solutions except for the hydrogenated corn syrup tended to be smaller than those of the latter ones. These solutions were not subject to Raoult's law but successfully fitted to Weast's equation for 4(1T in the non-ideal equation. Molecular weights or mean nrolecular weights of saccharides would generally be derived from the slope obtained by Weast's equation and those closely resembled the known chemical molecular ones. Also, 11T was found to be proportional to the reciprocal of the mean dextrose polymerization.

ABSTRACT:We synthesized regioregular liquid crystalline polythiophene (PTh) derivatives by chemical oxidative polymerization using iron trichloride to investigate the effect of the regioregularity on their physical properties. The regioregularity was about 90% for the PTh derivatives. A smectic phase was observed for two PTh derivatives. Plural peaks based on vibronic coupling characteristic of the regioregular PTh derivatives were observed in the π-π * transition absorption band of the UV-vis spectra. The vibronic coupling disappeared with increasing temperature and a new peak assigned to the PTh derivatives with non-planar conformation for the polymer backbone was observed in shorter wavelength range. The electrical conductivity was about 10 −3 -10

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FPs of polyol were slightly higher than those of CRS and in disaccharides they were nearly equal to those of CRS. Solubilities of polyol were fairly higher than those of CRS. As a result, the EPs of polyol were at fairly lower temperature and higher concentration than those of CRS.Tg' values of polyol solutions tended to be lower than those of CRS, and in monosaccharides Tg' between two groups were nearly the same but in disaccharides considerably larger differences on Tg' between two groups were found.Cg' values of all used samples were made ranging in concentration from 73% to 87% and were nearly equal to those in literature (Roos).