Three experiments in a runway investigated how rats remember events occurring in temporal order. In Experiment 1, the reinforced trial was always the last (fifth) trial of the day for Group 4NR, the first trial for Group R4N, and the third trial for Group 2NR2N. For Group Nlrg, one ofTrials 2-5 was randomly reinforced. The running speeds for Group 2NR2N, an inverted V with its peak on Trial 3, were of special interest. An inverted V was also obtained for Group S-ITI (Experiment 2), which received the 2NR3N schedule at a 30-sec ITI, and for Group L-ITI (Experiment 3), which had a 30-min IT!. However, slow running on Trial 4 and not slow running on Trial 6 were demonstrated for Groups LINT (Experiment 2) and S-INT (Experiment 3), which received the same schedule as Groups S-ITI and L-ITI, except for a long or short interval inserted between Trials 3 and 4. These results suggest that rats remember all prior events occurring at an equal ITI whether the ITI is short or long, whereas they reset their memory when a longer or shorter interval elapses after the reinforced trial.

The present study examined how inferred social status and a beginning driver's sticker influenced aggressive drivers' behavior on the road in Japan. A 2 x 2 x 2 factorial design was constructed to examine the effects of social status of an experimental car (high or low), with a beginning driver's sticker or no beginning driver's sticker, and a male or female driver. Analysis showed that horn-honking latency in the sticker condition was longer than that in the no-sticker condition in the low status car. In the high status car, the horn was sounded sooner in the condition with a beginning driver's sticker. A beginning driver's sticker promoted aggressive behavior oward a high status person, whereas it inhibited aggressive behavior toward low status individuals. Thus, response to a beginning driver's sticker appears to vary according to inferred social status.

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