We report two cases of patients with lateral meniscal malformations of the knee that were found incidentally. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of both cases showed a fragment-like meniscus structure located in the intercondylar notch, very similar to the "fragment in the intercondylar notch sign" observed in displaced bucket-handle tear. Arthroscopic examinations revealed a ring-shaped lateral meniscus in one case, and "flipped-over" lateral meniscus in the other. In the latter, a similar lateral meniscal malformation was observed contralaterally at MR arthrography.

Abstract:The study was conducted to assess the characteristics and socio economic activities of the local communities living along Nguru wetlands of Yobe state, Nigeria. Three towns situated along the wetlands namely Nguru, Kakori and Dogon Kuka all in Nguru Local Government Area of Yobe state, Nigeria were selected for the study. A total of 197 respondents from among the local communities participated in the study. Descriptive Survey method of research involving mixed methods was employed. Data collected was analyzed in SPSS using Descriptive Statistics. The study revealed that all of the respondents (100%) were Nigerian citizens with majority of whom (48.22%) lacking the basic western education. Male constituted 85.78% while women were only 14.21% of the study population. All respondents were found to be muslim faithful. Household sizes were relatively big (57.36%) and considerable number of the respondents was married young adults within the range of 25 -34 years. It was also discovered that majority of the respondents (30.46%) belong to the Kanuri tribe while Hausa, Fulani, Kare Kare and Bade tribes were represented as (26.40%), (26.90%), (8.12%) and (8.12%) respectively. Yobe state had the largest number of its indigenes (55.84%) living along the wetlands followed by Jigawa and Bauchi states having (29.95%) and (9.64%) respectively. Very good number of the respondents was engaged in fishing (26.40%) followed by crop farming (19.29%). Others were engaged in livestock farming, irrigation, transportation and hunting represented by (21.83%), (5.58%), (3.05%), and (1.52%) respectively while those engaged in trading, potash collection and Typha clearance were represented by (9.14%), (4.06%) and (3.55%) respectively. No tourists guide was found. Crops grown along the Nguru wetlands are maize (Zea mays) which is the most commonly grown crop followed by rice (Oryza sativa) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor). Many farmers also grow beniseeds or seasame (Sesamum indicum), cassava (Manihot esculenta), corn (Zea mays) and beans Page | 20225 (Phaseolus vulgaris). Livestock commonly reared are cows (Bos taurus), goats (Capra aegagrus hircus) and sheep (Ovis aries).However, all economic activities along the wetlands are seriously threatened by Typha invasion of the wetlands hence, government and other NGOs should employ effective control measures against this invasion in order to resuscitate the gradually perishing economic value of the Nguru wetlands.

Objective: Japanese Red Cross Society (JRCS) provided basic healthcare (BHC) activities with an emergency response unit (ERU) during the disaster relief of the western Indian earthquake on 26 January 2001. This was the first deployment of ERU operation and was the initial medical activity provided by the JRCS. Method: The JRCS ERU team (4 doctors, 4 nurses and 4 coordinators) arrived in Bhuj near the epicenter on 30 January. The next day, a field assessment was performed, and an ERU was establish at 7 km from Bhuj. The ERU consisted of tents and medical equipment with a gross weight 8 tons. Medical activities were continued from 01 to 16 February, including collecting medical records, and the analysis of the data for feedback for the next phase. Results: A total of 1,611 patients were treated during 16 days. The number of patients increased from 51 to 150 per day within a week. Twenty percent of patients were children. The ratio of earthquake-related patients was 80% in the initial phase, and gradually decreased to 10%. The information collected was provided to Tokyo to help to prepare the following team, which took measures to utilize local resources, like cooperating with Indian physicians. In the later phase, though most of patients suffered internal diseases, outbreaks of acute respiratory infection and diarrhea were not observed. Conclusion: As the variety of diseases change in post-disaster phases, it must provide appropriate disaster relief that must be adjusted to the situation.