Phosphorus (P) easily accumulates in farmland soil due to their high affinity to cations and clay, and thus their use efficiency of crop is low. Green manure-maize rotation system might be an efficient measure to reduce P accumulation in organic farmland by improving P uptake of crops. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of green manure-maize rotation on P uptake of maize and excess P removal in organic upland soils. Maize mono cropping and green manure-maize rotation systems (barley (B), hairy vetch (H), mixture of B and H) were established in organic farmland, and the experiments were conducted for 2 years without additional nutrients application. Green manure had a significant impact on maize grain production. Maize P uptake increased with the increased rate of hairy vetch seeding. Water soluble P content in soil was further reduced in green manure-maize rotation systems compared to the mono cropping. The results suggest that green manure-maize rotation system (except barley) without nutrient supplement increases P uptake of maize and thus decreases soil P accumulation.