Background: Academic nursing students considered from the most groups who are at risk for COVID-19 infection. To protect them should keep them away from infection and improve their knowledge and practice about preventive measures towards COVID-19 by healthcare authorities. The study aimed to compare the preventive measures among academic nursing students' awareness regarding COVID-19. Subjects and Methods: Design: A comparative research design was used for the study. Setting: The study was conducted at the Faculty of Nursing, Beni-Suef and El-Fayoum Universities. Sample: A convenient sample of 660 including all the third academic nursing students' year in the previous setting. Tools: A self-administered questionnaire which consisted of three parts; (1) demographic characteristics of academic nursing students, (2) knowledge and (3) preventive measures regarding the COVID-19. Results: The major source of information among academic nursing students for COVID-19 was social media (70%) in Fayoum group and (74 %) in Beni-Suef group. Most of academic nursing students (95%, 93%) in Beni-Suef group and Fayoum group had satisfactory level of knowledge about COVID-19. A statistical significant differences were observed in academic nursing students about the preventive measures regarding COVID -19 in almost tested areas (P<0.001). Conclusion: It was found that academic nursing students in both groups had satisfactory knowledge level and good practice of preventive measures regarding COVID-19. Recommendations: Establishing educational program through various media and faculties to help academic nursing students become more knowledgeable during the COVID-19 epidemic and its preventive measures.

Background: adult patient undergoing elective surgery are experienced anxiety and fear before surgery which has been increased during Covid 19 and may be affected them both physical and psychological. So, the aim of the study was to assess the preoperative anxiety level and fear of Covid 19 among adult patients undergoing elective surgery. Design: A descriptive research design.

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Pain and fatigue are common complications after cardiac surgery. All of these factors may compromise treatment and quality of life following surgery; therefore, decreasing pain and fatigue scales may improve outcomes after surgery. Progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) therapy is considered one of the alternative therapies used for reducing pain and fatigue among cardiac surgery patients. So the study was aimed to assess the effect of progressive muscle relaxation on pain and fatigue among post cardiac surgery patients. Design: A quasi-experimental research design with a pretest-posttest was used. Setting: The study was applied in Cardiothoracic Surgery Department at the Chest Hospital in Mansoura. Subjects: A purposive sample of 60 adult patients who are undergoing cardiac surgery. Three tools used for data collection are Tool (I): A structured interview questionnaire, Tool (II): A modified Behavioral Pain Scale, and Tool (III): Fatigue assessment scale. Results: No statistically significant differences were noticed between both study and control groups about their all demographic characteristics and their surgical history. Results of the present study revealed that statistically significant differences were detected between the study and control groups regarding their behavioral responses to pain post-intervention. A significant reduction of fatigue scores in the study group as compared to the control group one day postintervention (p = 0.0001) as well as five days post-intervention after surgery (p = 0.0001).Conclusion: Progressive muscle relaxation technique had a positive effect in reducing postoperative pain and fatigue among patients after cardiac surgery. Recommendations: progressive muscle relaxation techniques should be integrated into the rehabilitation programs provided to cardiac surgery patients.