A randomized, blinded clinical trial was performed to assess the relative effectiveness of five commercial and one experimental vaccine in a population of farmed fish experiencing a bacterial kidney disease (BKD) outbreak that occurred in one study cage that was part of a larger clinical field trial. A total of 6000 uniquely identified Atlantic salmon S1 presmolts were randomly assigned to vaccine groups in the hatchery and transferred to a commercial marine aquaculture site. Repeated sampling events to evaluate growth, inherent physical conditions and health status were carried out over the entire production cycle. During the second summer at sea, the study cage developed an outbreak of BKD that lasted approximately 240 days. The effectiveness of the selected vaccines was evaluated using survival analysis methods. The sole vaccine group offering protection for BKD was found to significantly decrease the hazard of dying (hazard ratio, HR = 0.68, P = 0.018) during the outbreak, compared to the industry standard, vaccine group. Additionally, during the outbreak, fish with a shortened operculum had a significantly decreased hazard (HR = 0.38, P = 0.033) compared to those fish with a normal operculum, while fish with jaw deformities had a significantly increased hazard (HR = 2.55, P = 0.001) compared to fish with normal jaw status.
This report describes two cases of segmental pulmonary vein occlusion secondary to lung malignancy in which lung biopsies showed histological features of veno-occlusive disease. These are the first cases to be reported in the literature in which such lung parenchymal histological changes are described in association with lung malignancy.
Infectious salmon anaemia virus (ISAV) belongs to the FamilyOrthomyxoviridae and is the sole member of the Genus Isavirus (International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses, 2020). The virus genome is comprised of eight single-stranded RNA segments coding for at least 10 proteins. Among the proteins encoded, there are two surface glycoproteins: haemagglutinin-esterase (HE), responsible for receptor-binding and receptor-destruction, and a fusion (F) protein (Aspehaug et al., 2005;Clouthier et al., 2002;Falk et al., 1997;Rimstad et al., 2011). The HE protein is encoded by gene segment 6, in which a highly polymorphic region (HPR) has been identified (Falk et al., 2004;Mjaaland et al., 2002). This segment has been used for genotyping purposes and identification of different
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