Background According to the recommendation of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), getting influenza vaccines during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemics is especially important for people with certain underlying medical conditions, like cancer. Due to the similarities between the symptoms of influenza and COVID-19, receiving the flu vaccine in suspicious cases can be helpful because it will make it easier to request a medical test and diagnosis. In this study, the value of influenza vaccination in the cancer population was investigated. Methods In a cross-sectional study, all cancer patients who were referred to our clinic and had eligibility to receive the flu vaccine were included in our study for following up clinical signs every week for one month. All patients who were vaccinated from October 1 to November 15, 2020 were investigated. The most side effects that were followed were fever, runny nose, bone pain, and life-threatening or persistent adverse effects. Results From a total of 288 patients (median age: 52 years (range 18-79), 112 (38.9%) males and 176 (61.1%) female) with different types of cancers, only two patients had an adverse effect of vaccination (including bone pain, runny nose, and fatigue), and one had COVID-19 ten days after vaccination. The rest of the patients did not show any side effects due to flu vaccination after one month of follow-up. Cancer patients are recommended to receive the flu vaccine annually during the pandemic and after the end of this pandemic, usually during the flu epidemic season to reduce mortality.

Background: During the pandemic of COVID-19, cancer patients have been considered as one high-risk group in the morbidity and mortality of COVID-19. This study aimed to describe the clinical symptoms and risk factors of COVID-19 in cancer patients. Method: In a prospective cross-sectional study, during a year, all cancer patients who underwent chemotherapy and/or targeted therapy in our clinic (Kermanshah, Iran) were followed up in terms of getting COVID-19. We analyzed the effect of tumor features and demographic information on clinical manifestations, survival status, therapeutic outcomes, and severity of the disease COVID-19 in 2 categories of cancer (hematologic and solid cancers). Results: Most of the patients (68%) were in the solid tumor category, including breast cancer (24.4%), colon cancer (22%), and gastric cancer (9.8%). There was a statistically significant difference between 2 categories of cancer in the clinical manifestations: the stage of cancer and survival status ( P < .05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of death in cancer patients with COVID-19 along with symptoms of diarrhea (odds ratio [OR] = 12.8, P = .004), the difficulty of breath (OR = 10.73, P = .034), drop of SO2 (OR = 1.334, P = .003), thrombocytopenia (OR = 1.022, P = .02), anemia (OR = 2.72, P = .011), requiring mechanical ventilation (OR = 9.24, P = .004), pleural infusion (OR = 10.28, P = .02), and intensive care unit (ICU) admission (OR = 7.389, P = .009) increases independent of other variables. The COVID-19 mortality rate in our cancer patients was 23%. Conclusions: Thrombocytopenia, anemia, and diarrhea are symptoms that, along with common symptoms such as lung involvement, difficulty breathing, and the need for a ventilator, increase the risk of death in cancer patients with COVID-19.

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease that is a primary public health consideration. Low Vitamin D levels are linked to type 2 diabetes (T2DM), diminished insulin release, and enhanced insulin resistance in humans and animals. Vitamin D is also involved in the regulation of calcium and phosphorus homeostasis. Oxidative stress and antioxidant imbalances are important for the progression of diabetes as well. In this endeavor, the levels of vitamin D, calcium, phosphorus, and evaluation of the oxidant- antioxidant factors of malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in healthy and diabetic people were compared.Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted in 2020 in Shiraz, Fars province, Iran. The population included 40 T2DM patients (with HbA1c equivalent 6-8) without comorbidities, 20-60 years old for both genders, and 40 healthy individuals (female and male between 20-60 years old without comorbidities). The high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was adopted for measuring Vitamin D and for measuring other levels, the colorimetric method was used. Using SPSS 22, statistical analysis was performed. The Mann- Whitney U test for quantitative data was applied. P<0.05 was deemed significant.Results: There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups when it came to the means of vitamin D and MDA. In the diabetic group, vitamin D levels were lower (p=0.001) and MDA levels were higher (p<0.001). Comparing the level of calcium and phosphorus in diabetics and healthy people revealed no significant difference. This result was also true for the TAC test.Conclusions: According to our results, the mean of vitamin D in T2DM was significantly lower than healthy people and MDA in T2DM significantly increased compared to the control group, suggesting that increasing the activity of this enzyme in the development of secondary complications in diabetic patients is a predisposing factor.Keywords: Vitamin D, Diabetes mellitus, HPLC, Oxidative stress

Background & aims: According to the recommendation of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), getting Influenza Vaccines during the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemics is especially important for people with certain underlying medical conditions, like cancer. Due to the similarities between the symptoms of influenza and Covid-19, receiving the flu vaccine in suspicious cases can be helpful because it will make it easier to request a medical test and diagnosis. In this cross-sectional descriptive study, the value of influenza vaccination in the cancer population was investigated. Subjects and Methods: All cancer patients who were referred to our clinic and had eligibility to receive the flu vaccine were included in our study for following up clinical signs every week for one month. All patients who were vaccinated from October 1 to 15, 2020, were investigated. The most side effects that were followed were fever, runny nose, bone pain, life-threatening, or persistent adverse effects. Results: From a total of 289 patients [median age: 52 years (range 18-79), 112 (38.9 %) males and 176 (61.1%) female] with different types of cancers, only two patients had an adverse effect of vaccination (including bone pain, runny nose, and fatigue), and one had Covid-19 ten days after vaccination. The rest of the patients did not show any side effects due to flu vaccination after one month of follow-up.

Introduction: Following the epidemic crisis and the outbreak of Coronavirus 2019 (Covid-19) in Iran and other provinces, the statistics of the patients showed that Yazd is among the top few provinces in the country in terms of the prevalence and incidence of this deadly disease. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the risk factors related to the life status of patients with coronavirus. Methods: In this cross-sectional analytical study, demographic, clinical, and biochemical information of 932 patients who were infected with COVID-19 from May 2018 to March  2019 and were hospitalized in Shahid Sadoughi Hospital in Yazd were examined. Information was recorded through patients’ records or telephone calls. Data analysis was performed by independent t-test, Mann-Whitney, Chi-square, and logistic regression using SPSS-22 software. Results: Based on the results 57.9% (N=540) of patients were male and the mean age of all patients was 53.33 (19 ± 0.15) years, and also 9.6% (N=82) of patients died. The risk of death for patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU) was 75 times higher than that of patients who were hospitalized in general wards. Also, the risk of death for patients with a history of cancer was 12 times higher than other patients. The risk factors associated with mortality were identified by multivariate logistic regression model, which included increasing age, having shortness of breath, history of cancer, hospitalization in the ICU, increased white blood cell count, and sodium deficiency. Conclusion: In order to reduce the mortality of patients with COVID-19, it is necessary for physicians to prioritize the treatment of elderly patients with underlying diseases, such as cancer and shortness of breath in order to improve their clinical condition.