Agriculture is the main source of livelihood in Assam and it contributed over 19 per cent to state domestic product (SDP) in 2010-11. But the farmers are still suppressed class even after seven decades of Independence. This may be for various reasons. In Assam Majority farmers are from tribal population where their living standard is very low. So, the present study reveals the Socioeconomic Status and expenditure pattern of Tribal Farmers of sonitpur district of Assam. The study area has been chosen Thelamara circle of the district. The data has been collected on the basis of personal interview by survey method to each of the farmer through a predetermined questionnaire. A total sample of 80 farmers has been collected purposively from four different villages of the circle. The study revealed that Tribal farmers are very poor farmers with low literacy and knowledge about agricultural methods in comparison to non Tribal farmers.