Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection up-regulates the expression of genes encoding proin£ammatory mediators in bronchial epithelial cells. However, the speci¢c signaling events immediately following RSV exposure are poorly understood. Herein, we report that RSV attachment to A549 cells activates both ERK-1 and ERK-2 pathways within 5 min. Inhibition of ERK pathways signi¢cantly decreases RSV infection of these cells compared to controls. These results demonstrate that the activation of the ERK-1/2 is required in RSV-induced early gene expression. ß 2004 Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of the Federation of European Biochemical Societies.

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