From ancients, herbal medicines are used in the management and cure of various physiological abnormalities. In this 21st century, a huge part of the world's population still depends mostly on the conventional system of medicine as these medicines are economical, easily available, and have minimal side effects. Acacia arabica commonly known as Babool, indigenously found in India possessed a variety of pharmacological effects when used in different traditional formulations. There are about 1350 Acacia species available worldwide. In India, Acacia arabica is widely spread in Jammu, Himachal Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Madhya Pradesh, Orissa Bihar, and Andhra Pradesh. The use of Acacia arabica in the traditional formulation is popularized due to its diverse pharmacological activity. Recent research on Acacia arabica revealed that the plant is rich in antioxidants such as catechin, ellagic acid, epigallocatechin, kaempferol, gallic acid and is used in the treatment of inflammation, pain, diabetes, allergy, asthma, bronchitis, amoebiasis, dermatitis, and cardiovascular diseases like hypertension, atherosclerosis, and myocardial infarction. Acacia arabica is also found to be efficient in infection caused by bacterial, fungus, and protozoa. In this present review, our sincere efforts have been given to summarize the various biological active ingredients of Acacia arabica and their pharmacological effects reported by different researchers.