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Background: Psoriasis and dementia are both inflammatory diseases. The association between psoriasis and dementia has rarely been investigated, and the existing results are conflicting. Thus, we conducted this study to evaluate whether an association exists between psoriasis and dementia. Methods: We searched for studies from six databases from inception to July 30, 2020, using subject and free words. RevMan 5.4 was used to calculate the risk ratio (RR) of dementia in the subjects with psoriasis. When heterogeneity was present, a random-effects model was used. Subgroup, sensitivity, and meta-regression analyses were performed using Stata 15.1. Results: Nine studies were identified and included in the study, of which seven that involved a total of 3,638,487 participants were included in the meta-analysis. We found that among the patients with psoriasis (RR: 1.14, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.06-1.24, p = 0.0009) and psoriatic arthritis (RR: 2.20, 95% CI: 1.29-3.78, p = 0.004), the proportions of those with non-vascular dementia (RR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.11-1.15, p < 0.00001) and vascular dementia (RR: 1.41, 95% CI: 1.09-1.82, p = 0.009) were higher than that among the patients without psoriasis. Those with dementia were also more likely to develop psoriasis, and those with severe psoriasis were less likely to die from dementia (RR: 1.88, 95% CI: 0.72-4.90, p = 0.020). The meta-regression analysis did not show any significant sources of heterogeneity. Conclusions: The patients with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis show high prevalence of different types of dementia. Based on the findings of this study, dementia may not be considered a high-risk factor of death from severe psoriasis. However, identification of this potential risk allows for early intervention, thereby reducing comorbidities and deaths.

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All-inorganic perovskites such as CsPbX 3 have attracted huge attention because of its superior stability. [6] So far, perovskite nanowires, microplates, and films have been used to realize lasing or amplified spontaneous emission (ASE). Both lasing and ASE are a kind of light amplification through stimulated emission when there is an inverted population between two energy states. [7] Stimulated emission is that an incident single photon stimulates other recombination and creates an additional photon which is exactly the same as oneself. [8] When the excitation fluence exceeds a certain threshold and population inversion is achieved, the probability of generating stimulated emission is greater than that of absorption for an incident photon, thus realizing light amplification and optical gain. ASE or lasing will occur only if optical gain is larger than optical loss. [7a] Unlike lasers, ASE does not require a resonant cavity. [7b,9] That is, it is necessary to construct the resonant cavity for the transformation from ASE to lasing. Remarkably, perovskite nanowires [10] and microplates [11] can use their own nanostructures as resonant cavities to amplify light and achieve lasing. However, the difficulties in precise position control largely limit their integration with other optical and electrical devices. [12] By contrast, perovskite films are simple to prepare and easy to integrate with other optical and electronic devices. [12,13] Lasing or ASE based on CsPbX 3 films have been demonstrated in red and green spectral regions. [6b,13,14] However, there are few report about blue lasing or ASE based on CsPbX 3 film. The factors restricting the realization of blue lasing or ASE are the preparation of high-quality films and the improvement of spectral stability. On the one hand, the low solubility of chlorine sources such as CsCl in the precursor aggravates the fabrication of the films, [15] which lead to poor quality of films and more scattering losses. On the other hand, the mixed halides perovskites generally undergo ion migration under the stimuli of light or electric filed, resulting in phase separation and spectral instability. [16] Especially, ion migration will be more obvious under high flux excitation needed for reaching population inversion. [17] Therefore, it's of great significance to prepare high-quality thin films with good spectral stability for blue ASE or laser.In this work, we demonstrate blue ASE from mixed-Br/Cl quasi-2D Cs-based perovskite films prepared by a facile vapor anion exchange (VAE) method. Unlike the method of directly Solution-processed all-inorganic CsPbX 3 perovskites exhibit outstanding optoelectronic properties and are being considered as a promising optical gain medium, with impressive performance in the green and red region. However, the development of CsPbX 3 for blue emission is still lagging far behind, owing to difficulties in thin films synthesis and spectral instability subject to light irradiation. Here, a facile vapor anion exchange (VAE) method that enables pr...

Skin stress response system (SSRS) involves corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) and proopiomelanocortin (POMC)-derived peptides, such as adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), a-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) and b-endorphin that are locally generated in response to locally provided stressors or proinflammatory cytokines. This system would restrict tissue damage and restore local homoeostasis. Trichloroacetic acid (TCA) is one of the most widely used peeling agents and applied for cosmetic treatment of photodamaged skin. However, the biological mechanism responsible for TCA peeling has yet to be fully determined. While our investigation focused on the inflammation and wound healing pathways, in the recent study, we have examined involvement of the SSRS as the third pathway. Mostly depending on our findings that TCA peeling activates the SSRS by inducing the POMC expression of keratinocytes in the CRH-independent manner, together with the results reported by other researchers, we can say that the biological effect of POMC seems to be responsible for the TCA-induced epidermal SSRS activation.