Power transformer is one of the most important electrical equipments in the electric system and is also one of the electrical equipments resulting in most electric system accidents. Because many big transformers in china have been running over twenty years, the problems of aging are increasing serious. Furfural content in the oil is an indication of solid dielectric deterioration, and it is important for identifying the aging of insulation. Aging is also strongly dependent on water .This paper presents that the aging model can be built by a fuzzy logic via furfural and water content in the oil. Examples show that this method can get more exact about aging estimation.

China’s industry accounts for 46.8% of the national gross domestic product (GDP) and plays an important strategic role to its economic growth, but it is also the main water pollution sources. In order to identify the relationship between the underlying driving forces and various environmental indicators, two critical industrial wastewater pollutant discharges over 2001-2009, including Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and ammonia nitrogen (NH4-N), were decomposed into three factors, i.e., production effect (caused by change in the scale of economic activity), structural effect (caused by change in economic structure) and intensity effect (caused by change in technological level of the sector), using a logarithmic mean Divisia index I (LMDI I) decomposition method. Results showed that: (1) the average annual effect changes of industrial wastewater changes of COD discharges in China is -2.99% with the production effect, structural effect, and intensity effect as 14.64%, -1.39%, and -16.24%, respectively. Similarly, the average effect changes of industrial wastewater changes of NH4-N discharges is -4.03% with production effect, structural effect, and intensity effect as 16.18%, -2.88%, and -17.33%, respectively. (2) production effect was the major factor responsible for the rise of COD and NH4-N discharges, accounting for 45% and 44% of the total contribution. (3) structural effect contributed to the decrease of COD and NH4-N discharges with a small effect of 4% and 8% in total contribution. (4) intensity effect had an dominant decremental effect in COD and NH4-N discharges, accounting for 50% and 48% of the total contribution; intensity effect could be further decomposed in cleaner production effect and pollution abatement effect, and cleaner production effect of COD and NH4-N accounts for 60% and 55% in pollution reduction. (5) the main contributors to incremental COD and NH4-N discharges among industrial sub-sectors were manufacture of paper and paper products, processing of food from agricultural products, manufacture of textile and so on. These sectors should be the top priorities for policy makers to reduce pollutants discharges, and the potential measures are industrial restructuring and related regulation.

Numerous index decomposition analysis approaches have been reported in the past 30 years. However, the selection of different methods appears to be arbitrary, and little consensus has been reached on which is the superior method. Between 2001 and 2009, 10 different methods have been used to identify the factors (i.e. production effect, structural effect and intensity effect) influencing on China’s industrial wastewater pollutant (Chemical Oxygen Demand, COD) discharges. From the aspect of theoretical foundation, adaptability, ease of use, and ease of result interpretation, these methods are compared. Results show that: (1) LMDI 1 is a superior approach because of zero residual error in decomposition, no zero values problem in data set, simplicity in formula, and wide range in usage situations. (2) the average effect changes of industrial wastewater changes of COD discharges in China is 14.89 ×104 t with production effect, structural effect, and intensity effect were 72.97×104 t, -6.93×104 t and -80.94×104 t, respectively. (3) production effect was the major factor responsible for the rise of COD discharges, accounting for 45% of the total contribution. (4) structural effect contributed to the decrease of COD discharges with a small effect of 4% in total contribution. (5) intensity effect had an dominant decremental effect in COD discharges.

Rapid social-economic development and the ever-increasing water pollutant discharge of Wuliangsuhai lake basin made the water quality deteriorated; the lake eutrophication intensified and heavily restricted the sustainable development of the watershed’s social economy. Wuliangsuhai lake basin was selected as the study area. By the use of system dynamics simulation model the water environment and social economy were connected, and three kinds of improved scenarios (resource-environment constrained type, social economy constrained type, coordinated development type) were proposed based on the inertial and planning schemes. Ten indexes of water environment carrying capacity, i.e. the GDP per capita, ratio of industrial output to GDP, et al., were selected, and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was used. Results showed that, the water environmental capacity utilization ratios of COD and TN in the resource-environment constrained scenario were 69.5% and 57.9% in 2020, respectively. And the water environment carrying capacity index increased from 0.19 in 2008 to 0.31 in 2020. Under the coordinated development scenario, the surplus environmental capacity of COD and TN were 1755.46t/a, 260.21t/a respectively, and the water environment carrying capacity index was up to 0.29 in 2020. The sustainable development plan was proposed and some feasible suggestions and strategies were put forward.

The energy consumption of a residential building Zhangjiakou area in different envelope was numerically simulated by using DeST software, and the influence factors on building energy consumption was analyzed, which provides a certain reference for optimization design of building structure Zhangjiakou region.