Essential oils (EOs) have a potent antifungal effect. Traditional Chinese medicines Artemisia argyi and Acorus tatarinowii have significant research value. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) was used to examine the chemical components of EOs from two therapeutic products. Panax notoginseng root rot pathogenic fungi were employed as target strains. The effect of EOs on pathogenic fungi was confirmed using the Oxford cup method and the chessboard method. The findings revealed that the two EOs as well as their principal chemical components exhibited potent inhibitory effects on pathogenic P. notoginseng. The combination of A. argyi, A. tatarinowii and hymexazol improved the inhibition of Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium solani. This finding demonstrates that EO has strong antifungal properties and has the potential to be widely manufactured and used in agriculture. Thus, it is hypothesized that understanding the antifungal activity of plant EOs, such as those from A. argyi and A. tatarinowii, will aid in the resolution of agricultural cultivation problems, such as crop diseases caused by P. notoginseng, and lay the groundwork for the future development of green pesticides.