Football is a sport that integrates competition, fitness, and entertainment, and its proportion in national development is rising. Under the background of big data, how to better carry out the innovation of physical education teaching mode is an important problem facing the current football reform. This paper mainly studies the effect of sports football teaching innovation on improving the ability of football education and students’ interest in football learning. This paper mainly uses the experimental method, the survey method, and the expert interview method to study the theory of football teaching and the model innovation under the big data. According to the basic principles and requirements, the questionnaires were distributed, filled out, and collected on the spot, and finally, the questionnaires were sorted and analyzed to draw conclusions. Finally, according to the experimental results, the average scores of the experimental students in group A were 8.2 and 73.5, respectively. The average scores of group B students were 81.6 and 74.3, respectively. The experimental group was significantly better than the control group in terms of test scores and performance levels, indicating that the use of new teaching methods combining big data and the Internet is of great significance.