Mesenchymal stem cells are immunoregulation cells. IL-22 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of immune thrombocytopenia. However, the effects of mesenchymal stem cells on IL-22 production in patients with immune thrombocytopenia remain unclear. Flow cytometry analyzed immunophenotypes of mesenchymal stem cells; differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells was observed by oil red O and Alizarin red S staining; cell proliferation suppression was measured with MTS; IL-22 levels of cell-free supernatants were determined by ELISA. Mesenchymal stem cells inhibited the proliferation of activated CD4+T cells; moreover, mesenchymal stem cells immunosuppressed IL-22 by soluble cellular factors but not PGE2. These results suggest that mesenchymal stem cells may be a therapeutic strategy for patients with immune thrombocytopenia.
Objective. Multiple myeloma (MM) represents a malignant tumor with abnormal proliferation of plasma cells. The current study sought to investigate the changes in serum lncRNA MIR17HG (long noncoding RNA miR-17-92a-1 cluster host gene) levels in MM patients and its values in assessing the accuracy of MM diagnosis and predicting diagnosis. Methods. First, 108MM patients and 85 healthy controls were enrolled as the study subjects. The serum levels of MIR17HG in all subjects were determined by RT-qPCR. MM patients were clinically staged according to the Durie-Salmon (DS) and international staging system (ISS), and the levels of serum MIR17HG were compared among patients at different stages. The correlation of serum MIR17H level with serum creatinine (Scr), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and albumin (ALB) was analyzed using the Pearson method. The accuracy of the serum MIR17HG level in identifying MM was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic curves. The progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) curves of MM patients were plotted using the Kaplan–Meier method. Results. Serum MIR17HG levels were up-regulated in MM patients and elevated with the development of DS and ISS stages. The serum MIR17HG was positively correlated with Scr and LDH and negatively correlated with ALB in MM patients. Serum MIR17HG level >1.485 could evaluate the accuracy of identifying MM. The PFS and OS were significantly shortened in MM patients with elevated MIR17HG levels. Conclusion. Our findings collectively indicate that the serum MIR17HG can aid the evaluation of accurate MM identification, and a high serum MIR17HG level can predict poor prognosis of patients with MM.
Aim: Activated innate immunity is a crucial early response to protect against the proliferation and spread of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Innate immune cells, such as neutrophils, dendritic cells and macrophages, have been found to play important roles in inactivating Mtb. However, there are currently few studies on the role of innate lymphoid cells(ILCs) in Mtb infection, as well as its different subtypes compared with lung cancer is scarcely studied. In particular, the role of ILCs in distinguishing the difference in the lung mass between tuberculosis and lung cancer has not been reported yet. Methods:We collected blood samples from healthy subjects, patients with lung mass diagnosed as untreated tuberculosis and patients with lung mass diagnosed as lung cancer. Differences of innate immune cells (dendritic cells, macrophages, neutrophils, ILCs and its subsets) and adaptive immune cells (T cells and B cells) in the above three groups were analyzed by flow cytometry.Results:Compared with healthy subjects, patients with Mtb infection presented increased level of macrophages and neutrophils but decreased B cells and T cells in circulating blood, while dendritic cell is remained unchanged. The ILCs were upregulated in Mtb infection patients compared with healthy subjects, among which the subtypes group 2 ILC (ILC2), particularly the CD117+ILC2 were increased while group 1 and 3 ILCs (ILC1, ILC3) were intact. However,the proportion of IL-17 and IL-22-secreting cells were also increased both in ILC1 and CD117+ILC2. In addition, there were no differences in neutrophils and T cells between Mtb infection group and lung cancer group, but Mtb-infected patients showed higher dendritic cells and B cells. As for ILCs, surprisingly, Mtb patients showed more CD117-ILC2 than lung cancer patients, but the proportion of IL-17 and IL-22-producing cells were both upregulated in the subsets of ILC2, regardless of CD117 expression. Besides, the IL-17 and IL-22-secreting cells were also increased in ILC1s while the total number of ILC1 was unchanged.Conclusions: By comparing changes of immune cells in the circulation, we found that CD117+ ILC2 which has ILC3-like characters were up-regulated in response to Mtb infection, and the ability to producing IL-17 and IL-22 was enhanced. When compared with lung cancer, Mtb infection presented higher CD117-ILC2 (classical ILC2) which had promoted capability of secreting IL-17 and IL-22. Consequently, it is implied that when infected by Mtb, ILC2 is activated into a pro-inflammatory subset with enhanced IL-17 and IL-22 secretion which may have tendency to transit to ILC3.
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