Introduction:Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) is a rare disorder characterized by mucocutaneous perioral pigmentation, gastrointestinal hamartomatous polyposis, and an increased risk of malignancy. Families with PJS may show a variable spectrum of manifestations in spite of their consecutive generations. A probable explanation is novel mutations in contributing genes.Case Presentation:This report describes 3 cases of a family. Two daughters presented the classic PJS, while their father only manifested mucocutaneous perioral pigmentation. The junior daughter was underwent 3 and the eldest daughter 2 laparotomies for intussusception. The patients were visited annually and their medical findings were recorded during a follow-up period of 14 years. They were periodically examined in our hospital and despite conveying diffuse polyposis from the esophagus throughout the rectum in these three cases, even a simple hyperplasia was not found in obtained specimens.Conclusions:The patients with diffuse PJS may be asymptomatic and without gastrointestinal or extragastrointestinal malignancies.

Background and AIM: Microgap formation at implant-abutment connection is one of the complications leading to mechanical and biological failure and inflammation around implants. This study aimed to investigate the influence of GapSeal as a sealing material on the extent of microgap and microleakage at the internal hexagon implant platform. Materials and Methods:Sixteen implants with an internal-hexagon connection (Biohorizon, internal hexagon) were employed in this in-vitro experimental study. All implant-abutment sets were assigned to two groups and were molded in acrylic resins. GapSeal was injected into the implants in the experimental (test) group. Then, implant assemblies were tightened with the torque of 30 N/cm, and 1200,000 loading cycles with the force of 100 N and the frequency of 1 Hz were applied. Every sample was immersed in a methylene blue dye to evaluate microleakage. Microgap was measured in six regions randomly using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The data were entered into SPSS 22 and were analyzed using t-test. Results:The mean±SD microgap was 0.99±0.39 µm and 3.04±0.54 µm in the test and control groups, respectively. It was higher in control group, significantly.(P<0.0001) In addition, microleakage was observed in all of the specimens of the control group, while no microleakage was seen in the test group. A significant statistical difference was found between the groups regarding microgap and microleakage (P<0.0001). Conclusion:Application of GapSeal® reduced the dimension of the microgap and decreased microleakage at the implant-abutment interface.

Dome splitting is effective technique in the nasal tip surgery indicated for the reduction of tip projection, increasing tip rotation, domal arch narrowing and correction of the lobule asymmetry. However, there are concerns regarding its negative effects on nasal airfl ow. The present study compared the effect of rhinoplasty with the dome splitting on the effi cacy of external nasal airfl ow. In a prospective before and after clinical trial, 46 eligible patients (39 females, 6 males) were selected and standardized images of their nasal bases were obtained during normal and deep breathes before and 3 months after the surgery. Patients were subjected to rhinoplasty with open technique and dome splitting was done in the nasal lower cartilage between lateral and medial crura. The area of the nasal external airway was measured during normal and deep breathes before and 3 months after the surgery. The percent of nasal airfl ow efficacy was determined qualitatively and quantitatively in the patients' left and right nostrils using McNemar and Wilcoxon Signed Ranks tests. In the left and right nostrils, 67.4% (31) of the patients, the airfl ow effi cacy was decreased and in 32.6% (15) patients, the airfl ow effi cacy increased. Dome splitting signifi cantly decreased the airfl ow effi cacy of the patients (P<0.05). Airfl ow effi cacy decreased (-7.19±23.7) in the left nostrils than right nostrils (-7.28±14.7). Airfl ow effi cacy of the patients signifi cantly decreased (P<0.05).These results suggested rhinoplasty surgery using dome splitting decreased the nasal airfl ow effi cacy after the surgery, hence care must be exercised for alterations in nasal air fl ow resistance when manipulating the nasal framework is done.