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JOURNALOn the other hand, there are decided differences between the strains obtained from the parenits and that from one of their children. The latter strain, obtained from a gastric lavage, is dysgonic-but not so dysgonic as those of the parents-and of full bovine virulence.A goat inoculated intramuscularly with 10 mg. of the culture died in forty-tw'o days of general miliary tuberculosis, the lungs being closely beset with tubercles. Two rabbits inoculated intravenously, doses 0.01 mg., died of severe general miliary tuberculosis in twenty-two and thirty days. Two guinea-pigs inoculated intraperitoneally died of acute general tuberculosis in eighteen and nineteen days, and two inoculated subcutaneously of general tuberculosis in thirtyeight and forty-three days. Summary and DiscussionWe have given the histories of two families, in each of which occurred two cases of phthisis pulmonalis in adults and in one, in addition, a case of glandular tuberculosis in a child, and we have stated the bacteriological evidence which establishes that all five cases were infected with tubercle bacilli of the bovine type. In one family the bacilli in the two cases examined were fully virulent. In the other the bacilli from the two cases were typically bovine in cultural characters, but fell below the standard oif bovine viruses in virulence for the test animals, while the strain from the child was dysgonic and fully virulent.We have now to consider the sourceA of the bacilli in the several cases. For each family there are three possibilities:, (1) the persons with pulmonary tuberculosis acquired the infection through contact with human carriers of bovine tubercle bacilli (none of the patients came into direct contact with cattle); (2) all the cases were due to infection by ingestion-that is to say, through the consumption of cows' nmilk or milk products containing bovine tubercle bacilli; (3) one member of the family was infected by bovine bacilli through contact or through the milk and transmitted infection to the other (and to the child).In the first family the mother had been a milkmaid, and was notified as a case of pulmonary tuberculosis when the two children who subsequently developed phthisis were 11 and 9 years old respectively. As the diagnosis in the mother was not confirmed by finding tubercle bacilli in her sputum, and the periods between her illness and the appearance of clinical signs in the children were very long, we do not think that either of the children was infected by the mother. The son showed clinical signs of tuberculosis some two years earlier than the daughter, but it is improbable that he infected his sister, since for manly years they had not lived in the same house. The olpinion that the girl-who died of pulmonary tuberculosis -was not infected either by her mother or her brother is supported by the necropsy fitndings, which indicated the alimentary tract as the channel of entry of the bacilli. It is highly probable that this was also the channel of infection in the brother, who was particularly fond...