The trends and challenges of modern society stimulate a review of the features and characteristics that define law as a set of social norms and shape its image through the provision of legal norms either with means of coercion, or by encouraging the use of other, alternative methods. Changes of a global nature, which are connected not only with the war in Ukraine, are accompanied by alternative methods of protecting the rights of participants in civil relations. The purpose of this study was to establish the legal and scientific and practical principles of the mediation procedure as one of the alternative ways of protecting civil rights and interests. Philosophical, specifically hermeneutic, and general scientific methods of scientific cognition (generalization, logical, praxeological, prognostic and modelling, as well as bibliographic) were used in this study. Special legal methods were also applied: formal legal and comparative legal. Modern positions in the understanding of legal categories, such as civil protection and civil liability and the influence of modern conditions of society on them, have been established. Various approaches to the mediation procedure were presented, and the prerequisites for its occurrence in Ukraine and the world were revealed. The study investigated how the categories “protection of civil rights and interests”, “tort liability”, and “mediation” interact. The modern trends of the civil doctrine regarding the protection of civil rights and interests were examined, the specific features of tortious liability and the possibility of introducing the principles of restorative justice regarding the protection of violated property rights were covered. The legal and practical bases of the application of mediation were determined, the advantages of its application in various spheres of social relations were established. The study analysed the judicial practice regarding the procedure for stopping proceedings in a case due to transfer of the dispute to mediation. The given materials and research results can be used in practical activities by participants in civil legal relations for further scientific research, as well as mediators, teachers, students of various educational degrees, representatives of state authorities and local self-government bodies.
Україна нині проходить шлях інтеграції і в європейське, і в світове співтовариство, та входження до Світової організації торгівлі, що зумовлює необхідність організацій та підприємств усіх сфер, в тому числі і сфери побутових послуг, до підвищення рівня показників якості продукції. Сучасний «економічний» світ стимулює виробників бути максимально конкурентоспроможними, висуває на перший план споживача, як основного елемента процесу комерціалізації, визначає доцільність розглядати всю внутрішню діяльність як споживачів під час доставки продуктів та послуг. Аналіз останніх досліджень та публікацій.Питанню правового регулювання у сфері побутового обслуговування ЦИВІЛЬНЕ ПРАВО ТА ЦИВІЛЬНИЙ ПРОЦЕС
Now the world countries ran into the sharp problem of overcoming and counteraction to distribution in the whole world of COVID-19, and also application of responsibility for violation of quarantine. It is set on results research, that the personal unproperty rights for citizens were exposed to rather significant limitations, in fact normatively-legal acts in relation to responsibility for violation of quarantine and sanitary rules for prevention of COVID-19 have a row of legal contradictions. In the article on the basis of analysis of current national legislation, considerations of cases and theoretical and legal sources are investigated effective mechanisms of the legal providing of requirements of observance of sanitary rules and norms on prevention of infectious diseases in Ukraine. The problems of determination of legal nature, maintenance and realization of the personal unproperty rights open up in the conditions of introduction of quarantine events on warning of COVID-19. The article describes the concept of "the right to freedom of movement". This right was and is now more than ever one of the fundamental personal moral rights. The article examines the judicial practice of resolving cases in the context of the introduction of quarantine measures and ensuring the fundamental rights and freedoms of an individual through the introduction of technical means and risks that may arise in appropriate conditions. Proposals to eliminate the shortcomings of legal regulation in the studied area are substantiated. Human rights and freedoms, the degree of their recognition in the state and society, the level of their protection are determined by the type of its socio-economic organization, as well as the degree of social development and democratization of society. Personal non-property rights that ensure the social existence of an individual, including the right to freedom of movement, are closely related, both those that can be limited at the legislative level under certain conditions, and those that are not "subject to" such restrictions. Therefore, restrictions on the freedom of movement of an individual are possible only in cases provided by the Constitution and the Civil Code of Ukraine, other laws (but not by-laws, which are the rulings of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine). And also in compliance with the principles of expediency, proportionality to goals. It is necessary to determine the participants in the emerging legal relationship, both those who "control" and those participants who are "controlled, limited".
Agricultural insurance is a prerequisite for the existence of agriculture, especially for agricultural countries. The present time poses serious climatic, economic, and biological challenges to agricultural production. Insurance should become a tool that will help to balance the risks between all participants in agricultural insurance relations. Insurance should reduce the negative impact on agricultural production and living standards in the country. In the article on the basis of analysis of normative-legal acts, regulating the procedure of agricultural animals insurance the problematic issues are investigated and the ways of elimination of collisions in legal regulation of this type of insurance are offered. The problems of determining the list of animals subject to compulsory insurance are investigated and solutions are proposed. The question of legal expansion of the range of insurance risks for insurance contracts of animals in the framework of the Law of Ukraine «On peculiarities of insurance of agricultural products with state support» is analyzed. The proposed additions to the regulatory and legal acts in the field of insurance of breeding animals will lead to the harmonization of relevant legislation, as well as improve awareness of breeding animals for regulatory authorities, consumers of relevant products and insurers. Keywords: insurance, compulsory animal insurance, breeding animal insurance, insurance risk, insurance of agricultural products with state support
Реформи в житлово-комунальному господарстві, що відбуваються в нашій країні останніми роками, мають велике значення, оскільки стосуються інтересів всіх громадян-мешканців, власників житла, споживачів житлових та комунальних послуг. Завданням цієї статті є аналіз питань щодо можливості та способів застосування міжнародного досвіду управління житловим фондом до національного законодавства. Підчас роботи над статтею будуть використані загальнонаукові та спеціальні методи юридичної науки: формально-юридичний та порівняльно-правовий. В Україні на 1 серпня 2018 р. нараховується 28838 об'єднань співвласників багатоквартирних будинків та житлово-будівельних кооперативів. Нині у суспільстві все більше піднімається питання щодо якісних показників житлово-комунальних послуг, що обумовлюється їх незадовільним станом використання, численними аварійними ситуаціями, які здобули розголос у суспільстві, таким чином, спостерігається потреба реформування зазначеної галузі, як в аспекті управлінських, фінансових відносин, так і в питанні нормативно-правового забезпечення функціонування даної галузі. Ґрунтуючись на актуальності для України вказаного питання, досліджується досвід США, Канади та Німеччини щодо діяльності управляючих компаній у житловій інфраструктурі міста або цілого округу, здійснений порівняльний аналіз функцій управителя в різних моделях економік. В результаті дослідження, на прикладі позитивного досвіду діяльності кондомініумів у окремих зарубіжних країнах, запропоновано шляхи удосконалення правового регулювання ОСББ в Україні в умовах запровадження елементів децентралізації та ефективного адміністрування ринку житлово-комунальних послуг.
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