Gallic acid (GA), a plant-derived ubiquitous secondary polyphenol metabolite, can be a useful dietary supplement. This in vitro study’s primary purpose was to assess the anti-aging properties of GA using rat embryonic fibroblast (REF) cells, antidiabetic effects via pancreatic islet cells, and finally, elucidating the molecular mechanisms of this natural compound. REF and islet cells were isolated from fetuses and pancreas of rats, respectively. Then, several senescence-associated molecular and biochemical parameters, along with antidiabetic markers, were investigated. GA caused a significant decrease in the β-galactosidase activity and reduced inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress markers in REF cells. GA reduced the G0/G1 phase in senescent REF cells that led cells to G2/M. Besides, GA improved the function of the β cells. Flow cytometry and spectrophotometric analysis showed that it reduces apoptosis via inhibiting caspase-9 activity. Taken together, based on the present findings, this polyphenol metabolite at low doses regulates different pathways of senescence and diabetes through its antioxidative stress potential and modulation of mitochondrial complexes activities.

A series of novel sulfonamide-amide derivatives were synthesized from 3-(2,4 dichlorophenylamino)-3-oxopropane-1-sulfonylchloride and a variety of amines under solvent-free conditions at room temperature. 3-(2,4-dichlorophenylamino)-3-oxopropane-1 sulfonylchloride was synthesized in four steps starting from 2,4-dichloroaniline and chloropropanoic acid in good yield and purity. The synthesized compounds were screened for their in vitro antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 29213). Molecular docking of sulfonamide derivatives into S. aureus tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase (TyrRS)-active site was also performed and among these, 5m and 5g tightly fit the active sites that might be inhibitors of TyrRS for further investigations. Also in the silico metabolism profile, drug-like properties and absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity (ADMET) of the title compounds were calculated by the preADMET server. K E Y W O R D S

Adsorption of nicotine molecule over C 24 fullerene was studied by using density functional calculations to define whether C 24 fullerene is applicable for sensing nicotine molecule. The adsorption energy values of the configurations were in the range of ¡0.43 to ¡0.82 eV. Upon the adsorption of nicotine molecule, the electronic properties of the fullerene are changed. The results show that the fullerene can be an electronic sensor for nicotine detection. Also, the adsorption energies of nicotine molecule on the fullerene indicated that the recovery of the device is possible.

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Background:Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an inflammatory autoimmune disease that mostly affects older adults. The etiology of T2DM includes both genetic and environmental factors. rs1800795 (−174 G/C) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) linked with autoimmune disorders predispositions, identified by Genome-Wide Association Study among genes, which immunologically related is considerably over signified. The goal of this study was to evaluate the association between rs1800795 (−174 G/C) polymorphisms in the promoter of interleukin-6 (IL-6) gene with susceptibility to T2DM in a subset of the Iranian population.Materials and Methods:In this case–control study, 120 healthy subjects and 120 patients with T2DM were included. Genomic DNA obtained from whole blood samples and the polymerase chain reaction was used to amplify the fragment of interest contain rs1800795 SNP, restriction fragment length polymorphism method was applied for genotyping of the DNA samples with NlaIII as a restriction enzyme. SPSS for Windows software (version 18.0, SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA) was performed for statistical analysis.Results:No significant differences were found between healthy controls and T2DM patients with respect to the frequency distribution of the cytokine gene polymorphism investigated. Odds ratio, adjusted for sex, age, and smoking status has displayed similar outcomes.Conclusion:These results indicated that the rs1800795 SNP is not a susceptibility gene variant for the development of T2DM in the Isfahan population. Further studies using new data on complex transcriptional interactions between IL-6 polymorphic sites are necessary to determine IL-6 haplotype influence on susceptibility to T2DM.