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In the optical and infrared spectral ranges, nanometal particles such as Au, Ag and Cu have large real and small imaginary dielectric constants, so they possess strong plasmon resonance frequencies and large local fields. Metal nanoparticles change the nonlinear optical properties of glasses. Third-order nonlinear susceptibilities χ(3) of composite glasses with ellipsoidal nanometal inclusions have been calculated using the T-matrix method. We have investigated the effect of the shape of nanometals on the nonlinear optical properties of oxide glasses. It was found that the results of our model and the experiment compare well and spherical metal nanoparticles change the nonlinear optical susceptibilities of glasses more than cylindrical (two dimensional) nanoparticles.It is shown that if nanometals are included in glasses as graded profiles, their figure of merit (FOM) increases significantly and hence makes them promising materials for photonic applications such as all-optical switching. The FOM of SiO2 has been found to be enhanced by a factor of 6–7 by the inclusion of graded Au and Cu nanoparticles.

We investigate the effect of entering metallic core-shell nanoparticles in Silica glass to increase its nonlinear susceptibility (NLS). Third-order NLS and figure of merit (FOM) relations of this composite are driven with the T-Matrix method. Effect of nanoparticle volume fraction, shell-to-core radius ratio and core, clad and host material in the real and imaginary part of these parameters are studied. It is concluded that doping Silica with Copper core-Gold clad nanoparticles make the compound FOM-enhanced.