Schwannomas of the descending loop of the hypoglossal nerve are very rare. Existing literature of the schwannoma of the descending loop of the hypoglossal nerve is limited to two previously reported case. They are slow-growing tumors that may masquerade a carotid body tumor. We herein described a rare case of schwannoma of the descending loop of the hypoglossal nerve in the s right latero-cervical region with diagnostic imaging and histopathological findings. A 37-years-old woman has had a palpable firm, mobile mass in the right latero-cervical region, of imaging, MR images showed homogeneous hypointensity on T1-weighted imaging (T1-WI), heterogeneous hyperintensity on T2-WI, and heterogeneous enhancement on contrast-enhanced T1-WI. Diagnostic imaging using computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was suspected of Chemodectoma or neurogenic tumor. At operation, a 4 cm mass arising from the descending loop of the hypoglossal nerve of was resected en bloc with the loop itself; Final diagnosis was confirmed on the basis of histopathological finding and intraoperative findings. Postoperative course was uneventful and the patient is free from disease recurrence at tree-year follow-up. En bloc resection remains the real curative treatment of Schwannomas, ensuring unlimited freedom from disease, although causing functional impairment which may be significant. Nonetheless recurrence should be prevented as, besides requiring reintervention, it may harbor a malignant evolution towards sarcoma. Schwannomas of the descending loop of the hypoglossal nerve may masquerade a chemodectoma of the carotid bifurcation and can be curatively resected without any functional impairment. This case confirmed the differential diagnosis on the basis of the intraoperative finding that the tumor was continuous with the hypoglossal nerve.

Background Solitary sphenoid sinus pathology is uncommon. The deep position of the sphenoid sinus makes symptoms related to solitary sphenoid sinus pathology non-specific and contributes to a significant diagnosis delay. Moreover, surrounding anatomical elements cause its pathology to be potentially serious and make surgical management challenging. Methods This retrospective study includes 7 cases presented with primary benign sphenoid sinus pathology managed between January 2019 and January 2022. Epidemiological features, clinical aspects, and treatment modalities are presented. Results Six female patients and one male patient were operated; their age ranges from 11 to 67 years old. Etiologies are divided into infection, tumors, and pseudo tumors. Sphenoid sinus approach was performed through the sphenoethmoid recess in 5 cases, through the septum in one patient and through the ethmoid in one patient. Conclusion Endoscopic procedures have significantly improved the management of the sphenoid sinus pathology. They offer good access and control of the sphenoid pathology but require a perfect mastery of radiologic and endoscopic anatomy and its variations.

Les zygomycoses ou les mucormycoses sont des infections fongiques opportunistes évoluant sur un terrain immunodéprimé ou fragilisé, le plus souvent par un diabète mal équilibré. Plusieurs travaux rapportent des cas sporadiques de ces affections les qualifiant de rares. Cependant, le caractère polymorphe des mucormycoses, mimant d'autres pathologies, retarde une prise en charge adéquate, ce qui nous conduit à qualifier cette maladie « d'iceberg » associée à une évolution le plus souvent fatale.L'objectif de cette observation est de rappeler les différents aspects de cette pathologie ainsi que de partager des connaissances pour une meilleure prise en charge des patients.

Malignant melanoma localizations in the parotid gland are uncommon and have a bad prognosis. There isn't a distinct consensus on therapeutic management yet. We stress the importance of thoroughly inspecting the entire skin recovery in front of any parotid tumor to look for any potential primary lesions. We describe a 30-year-old patient who presented with a right parotid swelling that had been developing for a year, without facial paralysis, as well as some centimeter-sized lymphadenopathy in the sub-digastric area. The patient had no apparent pathological background. Both the cervico-facial examination including the left parotid and a complete dermatological examination were unremarkable.MRI revealed the presence of a polylobed parotid mass, hypo signal in T1 and hyper signal T2 with a low ADC score. A superficial parotidectomy with lymph node excision was performed on the patient. The analysis of the surgical material suggested a malignant melanoma. Our case study is about a primary malignant melanoma of the parotid gland (PMMPG) that demonstrates the fatal evolution of this type of tumor, necessitating swift therapeutic treatment that must be the focus of a well-codified consensus.

RésuméLes zygomycoses ou les mucormycoses sont des infections fongiques opportunistes évoluant sur un terrain immunodéprimé ou fragilisé, le plus souvent par un diabète mal équilibré. Plusieurs travaux rapportent des cas sporadiques de ces affections les qualifiant de rares. Cependant, le caractère polymorphe des mucormycoses, mimant d'autres pathologies, retarde une prise en charge adéquate, ce qui nous conduit à qualifier cette maladie « d'iceberg » associée à une évolution le plus souvent fatale. L'objectif de cette observation est de rappeler les différents aspects de cette pathologie ainsi que de partager des connaissances pour une meilleure prise en charge des patients. Mots-clés